DidaskalosMinistries
SystematicTheology

The Hypostatic Union Of Christ

A Guarantee of God's Promises

Introduction To Part Two

In this study we will be looking at the unique character of Jesus Christ.  Theologians call this character the Hypostatic Union.  The Doctrine of the Hypostatic Union of Jesus Christ teaches that Jesus was and is both God and Man.  He was and is fully God, though while He walked the earth He did not exercise the power of His deity.  He was and is fully man, though completely sinless , unlike us.  Jesus was unable to sin as God, and unable to sin as glorified Man.  Both of these unique characteristics were at union in Christ, without mixture or compromise between the two.  There are many Biblical texts that plainly teach that Christ was and is both God and Man in one sinless Body.  Pre Incarnate He was purely God.  Post Incarnate He was both fully Man and God.  Christ never was and never will be less than God, or greater than God.
 

Hypostatic Union: Active Humanity, Passive Deity

A clear passage that shows the operation of Jesus' Hypostatic Union is found in Philippians:

Philippians 2:6-8 "Who, being (HUPARCHO, existing) in the form (MORPHE, an exact likeness, exact nature of, perfect replica) of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God: But made himself of no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men: And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross."

Since Jesus was in the MORPHE, exact form of God in His Pre-Existent state He did not consider it to be stealing from the Godhead if He proclaimed His equality with God.  Jesus was not wrong to proclaim His Deity, nor was He wrong to expected worship from mankind.  As pre-existent God it was His due to be worshipped.  But rather than make a name for Himself Jesus submitted Himself to the Plan of God.  Note that he took upon him the form of a servant.  He allowed Himself to be made in the likeness of man.  Once the submitted Himself to the Godhead's Plan of Redemption He followed that Plan through to the end.  Once placed in Hypostatic Union Jesus humble His Deity to His humanity, even to the death of the cross.  He walked the earth as Perfect Man but never actively as God.  He was obedience to the Plan of God to the end so that we might be saved.

There are other verses that express the active humanity and passive Deity of Christ's Hypostatic Union:

John 8:40  "But now ye seek to kill me, a man that hath told you the truth, which I have heard of God: this did not Abraham."

Romans 1:3-4 "Concerning his Son Jesus Christ our Lord, which was made of the seed of David according to the flesh; And declared to be the Son of God with power, according to the spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead:"

Romans 9:5  "Whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen."

Hebrews 2:14-17 "Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil; And deliver them who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage. For verily he took not on him the nature of angels; but he took on him the seed of Abraham. Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people. "

The Hypostatic Union was active as far as the humanity, and passive as regards the Deity of Christ.  One point that must be emphasized is that Jesus was not a split personality.  He was One Person with two natures.  As the early Church at the meeting of Chalcedon (451 A.D.) stated:

"Christ was known to be in two natures, unchangeable and indivisible. The distinction of the natures being in no wise taken away by the union, but rather the property of each nature being preserved, and concurring in one person and one substance; not pointed or divided into two persons."
 

Speculation on the Humanity of Christ in the Hypostatic Union

We have noted before that Jesus was unable to sin in His Deity, and able not to sin in His humanity.  So one question that should be answered is, why was Jesus perfect?  Why was He without sin in His humanity?  In order to answer this we must first answer why all mankind is in sin.  To do this we need to go back to Genesis:

Genesis 2:15-17 "And the LORD God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it. And the LORD God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat: But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die."

After the creation of the earth, the Heavens, and all that was in them, God topped off His creation by making man.  Man was to have an exalted position in creation, and was to be God's Federal Head over the earth.  God, the Scripture says, put man in the Garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it (literally from the Hebrew, "to cultivate and guard").  Why did God give man the mission of guarding the Garden?  Because prior to creation Satan had fallen from Grace, and had taken the third part of the Angels in Heaven with him.  Man was to be the Federal Head over all creation, protecting the Garden from Satan's snare.  The headship of Adam over creation is seen in the following:

Genesis 2:19-20 "And out of the ground the LORD God formed every beast of the field, and every fowl of the air; and brought them unto Adam to see what he would call them: and whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof. And Adam gave names to all cattle, and to the fowl of the air, and to every beast of the field; but for Adam there was not found an help meet for him."

God is not like us, so consumed by pride when He makes something that He has to have recognition for it.  God's Plan called for man to be the Head of creation.  God followed through on this, and, after creating each lower animal, He brought them unto Adam to see what he would call them.  God's action shows that He recognized man to be the Federal Head over creation.

But what about a mate for Adam?  God even covered that, for it is written:

Genesis 2:18, 21-23 "And the LORD God said, It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him an help meet for him. ... And the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam, and he slept: and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof; And the rib, which the LORD God had taken from man, made (BANAH, to manufacture something out of another materiel) he a woman, and brought her unto the man. And Adam said, This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh: she shall be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man. "

Adam was Federal Head over all Creation prior to the creation of his mate.  Did he now share that Headship with the woman, or did he still retain exclusive headship over all creation?

Genesis 2.23 ".. And the rib, which the LORD God had taken from man, made (BANAH, to manufacture something out of another materiel) he a woman, and brought her unto the man. And Adam said, This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh: she shall be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man. "

I want you to note that when God created the lesser animals he brought them to Adam to be named.  When he created woman, he brought her to Adam in much the same way, and Adam named her.  Now I am not implying that a woman is an animal nor a lesser being.  But the pattern was repeated to show that Adam still retained exclusive Headship over creation.  He was Federal Head of the lower creation, he was Federal Head over the family.  If you will note the context of Genesis chapters 2-3 you will see that God never spoke to warn woman about the forbidden fruit.  In Genesis 2.16-17 God specifically warned Adam against one act:  Adam could do whatever he wanted to with all things in the Garden, but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil thou shalt not eat of it:

Genesis 2:17  "But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die."

Thou shalt surely die is literally "Dying, thou shall surely die".  If Adam ate of the forbidden fruit then "Dying" (that is, he would immediately start the process of physical death. He would lose his own immortality), "thou shalt surely die" (that is, man would suffer immediate spiritual death as well).  To disobey God would cause immediate spiritual death and subsequent physical death.  God specifically warned man against eating the fruit, but never warned woman in the same way.  Why?  Because as Federal Head it was up to Adam to teach woman this law.  Man obviously failed in this, for woman was easily deceived by Satan in Genesis 3.1-6.  She was not expressly forbidden to partake of the fruit by God Himself.

We all know the story.  How Satan came to woman in the disguise of a very beautiful serpent.  In his splendor Satan deceived the woman into partaking of the fruit.  Woman did not cause the fall of creation into sin!  I have heard many tired preachers expound on how "woman was the cause of the fall", but nothing could be farther from the truth.  We have established that Adam was the Federal Head of  creation.  Satan could not gain the immediate fall of man if he tricked the woman into eating the fruit, for she was not the Federal Head.  But Satan, that sly devil, determined that if the woman was tricked into eating the fruit, then he could use her as a wedge to cause Adam to fall.

That is how it worked out.  But I want you to notice something interesting.  When woman ate the fruit nothing happened!  Notice the following:

Genesis 3:6a "And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat ..."

When woman ate the fruit nothing happened.  Her eyes were not opened, she did not die spiritually and begin to die physically.  Adam was the Federal Head: He alone was responsible to cultivate and guard the Garden.  Adam alone named the animals.  Adam alone was King of creation.  The tree was placed in the Garden to test Adam, and Adam failed the test.  Note the rest of the text:

Genesis 3:6b-7 " ... and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat. And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons."

There are many theories why Adam ate the fruit.  Some say that Adam so loved Eve that when she ate the fruit, rather than have her destroyed by God, he also ate so he could share in her judgment.  It is possible that selfish love contributed to the fall of man.  But I believe that there is more to it than that.  Adam had seen God create. In fact, he walked with God every day at sunset. He knew that God could create another woman for him if this one was destroyed by sin. I believe it is a little more complex than selfish love.

Man was with woman when she approached the tree.  Man heard Satan proposition woman to sin.  Maybe man was taken by surprise when she grabbed a fruit and ate it.  Then what?  Man looked at woman, and she had not changed.  There was no mark on her.  God had not apparently brought immediate judgment down on her.  Adam forgot for one crucial instant that he was the Head of creation, and that it was him and not woman that could cause the fall.  When Adam saw that  woman had not fallen then, perhaps in curiosity,  perhaps not intending to sin, he ate of the fruit.  What happened then?

Genesis 3:7a "..  And the eyes of them both were opened .."

When woman ate nothing happened.  When man ate the eyes of them both were opened, both fell into sin.  Both suffered immediate spiritual death with the side effect of eventual physical death.  Man caused the fall.  By man came Satan's rule (by default) over all creation.  By man came spiritual death and the old sin nature in all of human kind.  Man caused the fall, and man also genetically transmitted the effects of the fall to his children.

It is a Biblical as well as historical fact that we are all born spiritually dead.  The Bible makes this clear:

Romans 3:10-12 "As it is written, There is none righteous, no, not one: There is none that understandeth, there is none that seeketh after God. They are all gone out of the way, they are together become unprofitable; there is none that doeth good, no, not one."

Ephesians 2:1-3 "And you hath he quickened, who were dead in trespasses and sins; Wherein in time past ye walked according to the course (Manner of Life)of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience: Among whom also we all had our conversation (Manner of Life) in times past in the lusts of our flesh (Under control of the Old Sin Nature), fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature (By natural birth) the children of wrath, even as others."

Spiritual death is universal in God's creation because of Adam.  A Chinese proverb states, "There are only two good men: One is dead, and the other is not yet born".  From the time Adam ate of the fruit and opened his eyes to sin, man was condemned to universal spiritual death.  This spiritual death is transmitted from father to child throughout the human race.  This is not too hard to understand.  Adam and Eve were the starting point of the human race (regardless as to what the monkey evolutionists tell us). When they died spiritually they guaranteed that every offspring from their loins would be spiritually dead.  The majority of the transmission of the old sin nature came from Adam as the Federal Head of humanity.  Eve fell into corruption as well, but the brunt of the guilt for the fall was on Adam.

Woman carries the ovum, the potential human in her womb.  This ovum, when inseminated, forms into in the embryo which eventually becomes a child.  Medical science has determined that the woman's main contribution to the creation of the child is the body and skeletal structure.  Man's contribution to the creation of the child is the interior organs and the blood.  In paternity suits the court can determine the legitimate father of a child by blood testing.  If the father has O+ blood, the child will have the same type of blood. The paternity suit is strengthened if the father has a rare blood type,  because the child's blood will be just as rare.  As the old sin nature is transmitted genetically through the father to the child, it is transmitted by the blood.  The old sin nature is such a real part of our bodies in our blood that the Scripture often refers to it as "the flesh":

Galatians 5:16-17, 19-21 "This I say then, Walk in the Spirit, and ye shall not fulfil the lust of the flesh. For the flesh lusteth against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh: and these are contrary the one to the other: so that ye cannot do the things that ye would.  Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these; Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness, Idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, variance, emulations, wrath, strife, seditions, heresies,  Envyings, murders, drunkenness, revellings, and such like: of the which I tell you before, as I have also told you in time past, that they which do such things shall not inherit the kingdom of God."

The old sin nature is not part of our soul, but is the sinful part of our body that wars against our soul.

Adam genetically imputed the old sin nature through blood to all his product progeny.  This was carried on by natural reproduction, a chain reaction that has carried through even to today.  Children are born spiritually dead and under the control of the old sin nature.  You can see this through the early manifestation of selfishness, pride, and even greed, present in the youngest child.  How does this relate to the Hypostatic Union of Christ.

Jesus came into this world in Hypostatic Union for one reason: to atonement for our sins.  His Hypostatic Union did not stop the genetic transmission of the old sin nature.  This transmission is going to be a reality, by natural birth, until we get to Heaven.  Because of Christ's atonement, if we accept what He did for us, believe on Him for salvation, we become spiritually alive. We come into union with Christ and have God's righteousness imputed to us.  We actually become sons and daughters of the always Living God.  Our new birth gives us a strength that we can use against the old sin nature still in  us.  We can control the operation of the old sin nature, suppress it, whereas before the New Birth we had no such strength.

Romans 6:14  "For sin (the Old Sin Nature) shall not have dominion over you: for ye are not under the law, but under grace."

Were did not for the sacrifice Jesus made through His Hypostatic Union we would not be able to control our old sin nature.  It was the humanity of Christ that bore the burden of our sentence.  The Deity of Christ was passive in His earthly ministry, not used when He hung on the Cross.  Had Christ not accepted the Hypostatic Union we would yet be spiritually dead.  Jesus was the only baby ever born without an old sin nature.  There was no mark of sin in Him.  This was possible because He was born through virgin conception:

Matthew 1:18, 22-23 "Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Ghost. ... Now all this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Immanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us."

As man is the transmitter of the old sin nature, to allow Christ's Hypostatic Union to be untainted with sin God had to bypass man.  God the Holy Spirit caused Mary's ovum to be fertile without the aid of man.  Thus God contributed to the blood within the humanity of Christ, and the old sin nature was bypassed.  This is why we say Christ was able not to sin in His humanity, for He possessed none of our stains.  Because of the unique virgin pregnancy Christ was able to go to the Cross sinless, suffering the punishment for sin in our place.  Had Christ been born normally (with earthly father and mother) there would have been the imputation of the old sin nature to His body just as it occurs in us.  In such a case there could not have been a true Hypostatic Union, and Christ would not have been a fit substitute for our sins.  What happened at the miraculous virgin birth paved the way for the successful blood atonement of the Cross.

What of Mary's contribution?  Was not her ovum contaminated by her old sin nature, so that Christ would be born with traces of sin?  No!  Once a month God built into the woman a self cleansing system.  As women progress through the month her ovum picks up contaminants from the old sin nature.  But once a month a woman goes through her "cycle", passing off the contaminated ovum.  God the Holy Spirit came to Mary in the time when her ovum was cleansed.  Since man passes the  majority of the old sin nature, the ovum of woman and the action of God the Holy Spirit guaranteed the sinless nature of the Christ child.
 

How The Hypostatic Union Satisfied The Atonement

(The Satisfaction of Christ)

When theologians talk about the "satisfaction of Christ", they are referring to how the Hypostatic Union in Christ insured the work of salvation.  Because Christ went to the Cross in perfect Union God was satisfied with that work, so much so that He guarantees salvation for anyone who believes on the Son.  The cults teach that salvation is a joint effort between God and man.  According to legalism, we must do certain things after accepting Christ to retain our salvation.  Such false doctrine is taught because (1) The Church has de-emphasized the teaching of the Hypostatic Union, and (2) Cults have de-emphasized or played down the humanity or the Deity of Christ in the Hypostatic Union.  As noted before, without proper understanding of the Hypostatic Union all other doctrines in Scripture will be viewed slightly out of focus.  The Hypostatic Union of Christ is so important that without an understanding of it you can not progress beyond babyhood as a believer.  Some believers have known Christ for 30 or 40 years, but never really understand Him.  These believers stay in either a constant state of carnality, or a constant state of childishness.  Physical time from the point of New Birth does not make the believer grow.  Growth only comes through study of Scripture and a understanding of Christ's perfect nature.

Christ satisfied God for us because of His perfect Union. First, He satisfied God in His humanity as a substitutionary sacrifice for our sins:

Hebrews 10:1-3, 9-10 "For the law having a shadow of good things to come, and not the very image of the things, can never with those sacrifices which they offered year by year continually make the comers thereunto perfect. For then would they not have ceased to be offered? because that the worshippers once purged should have had no more conscience of sins. But in those sacrifices there is a remembrance again made of sins every year. ... Then said he, Lo, I come to do thy will, O God. He taketh away the first, (God took away the Levitical Priesthood and interrupted the Jewish dispensation) that he may establish the second. (The dispensation of the Church Age and salvation by Grace) By the which will we are sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all."

Hebrews 10:11-12 "And every priest standeth daily ministering and offering oftentimes the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins: But this man, after he had offered one sacrifice for sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God; From henceforth expecting till his enemies be made his footstool."

The Levitical sacrifices had no power to bring anyone to salvation.  In fact, they were not even given by God to save men.  They were given as a teaching lesson.  The lesson taught that, first, man is in a hopeless situation which he can not get out of  by his own works.  By following the Law every day God hoped to get man away from the false doctrines of legalism, to get man to cry out for help.  Second, all of the Levitical sacrifices were types or shadows that taught about the Christ who was yet to come.  The Levitical sacrifices had no power to save: if they had this power, then the priest would not have to standeth daily ministering and offering oftentimes the same sacrifices.  But Christ, in His Hypostatic Union, offered up His sinless humanity as a sacrifice for us.  This was so acceptable to God that He needed only to offer one sacrifice for sins for ever.   This sacrifice was so acceptable that our salvation relies on the finished work of the Cross alone.  We can add nothing to what Christ did because God was satisfied with the work.

In a permanent state of salvation we need a permanent Spiritual Leader.  The Spiritual Leaders in the Old Testament were the High Priests of Israel.  In the new Testament we have one High Priest, and His name is Jesus.

Hebrews 7:21-28 "(For those priests were made without an oath; (God made no promise to the Levitical Priests) but this with an oath by him that said unto him, The Lord sware and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever (The Levitical Priests had no eternal commission from God, but Jesus Christ did and retains that commission) after the order of Melchisedec:) By so much was Jesus made a surety (EGGUOS, a guarantee, a bond) of a better testament. (DIATHEKA, covenant) And they truly were many priests, because they were not suffered to continue by reason of death: But this man, because he continueth ever, hath an unchangeable priesthood. Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost (Christ causes eternal and absolute salvation in the believer)
that come unto God by him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them. For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens; Who needeth not daily, as those high priests, to offer up sacrifice, first for his own sins, and then for the people's: for this he did once, when he offered up himself. For the law maketh men high priests which have infirmity; but the word of the oath, which was since the law, maketh the Son, who is consecrated for evermore."

Hebrews 2:16-18 "For verily (Adverb DEPOU, obviously) he took not (Present Middle Indicative EPILAMBANO, Dramatic Present, Reflexive Action + OUK = He Himself did not assume) on him the nature of angels; but he took (Present Middle Indicative EPILAMBANO, He Himself assumed) on him the seed of Abraham. Wherefore (Relative Adverb, HOTHEN, for this reason) in all things (KATA + Accusative PAS, according to the norm or standard of all things) it behoved him (HOTHEILO, He considered it His necessary duty) to be made like unto (Aorist Passive Infinitive HOMOIOO, to be made like once and for all. Denotes the permanence of the humanity in Christ's Hypostatic Union) his brethren, that he might be (Aorist Middle Subjunctive GINOMAI, that He might become) a merciful (Adjective ELEEMON, compassionate) and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, (TA PROS TON THEON, in the things face to face with the God)  to make reconciliation (Present Middle Infinitive, Dramatic Present, HILASKOMAI, make propitiation or satisfaction with permanent results before God) for the sins of the people. For in that (EN + locative HOS, in that which) he himself hath suffered (Perfect Active Indicative PASCHO, suffered with permanent results. A reference to the spiritual death of Christ on the Cross) being tempted, (Aorist Active Participle PEIRAZO, having been tested) he is able (Present Active Indicative DUNAMAI, keeps on being able) to succour (Aorist Active Infinitive BOPTHEO, to advance to the assistance of someone) them that are tempted. (Present Passive Participle PEIRAZO, those who are being tested)"

If Christ was and is not perfect Man, He could not be our High Priest, for a High Priest must be a man.  If  He was and is not God, Christ would have as weak a High Priesthood as the Levitical Priests before Him had.  Because Christ is in Hypostatic Union He is not only our High Priest, but He is also our High Priest forever.  As God He will never leave us.  The Levitical Priests held office only during their lifetimes.  When they died, the Priesthood was passed down to the next child in the lineage of Priests.  If there were no other children in the family, the Priesthood would die with the Priest.  So the Levitical Priesthood was a temporal thing at best.  Because Christ is perfect Man He assumed a permanent priesthood over us; since He is God He will never lose that position.  We do not have to worry about a "change of command" effecting our salvation.  Our salvation is as secure as God the Son is eternal God.

1 Timothy 2:5-6 "For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus; Who gave himself a ransom for all, to be testified in due time."

The Hypostatic Union guarantees our salvation through the mediatorship of Christ.  A mediator is one who can act as a go-between for two parties.  The mediator must be impartial to be successful.  He cannot take sides or his function is lost.  The mediator is usually seen between two disputing parties, trying to resolve the conflict through compromise.

Once you are saved you are going to sin.  Though you have been spiritually reborn, you still have an  operating old sin nature in your flesh.  You may sin less and less as you grow to maturity, but there will never be a time when you are sinless.  Because of this old sin nature we need One to act as our Lawyer or Mediator.  When we sin we offend God.  Each offense of sin rightly deserves eternal damnation.  But we have a mediator at the right hand of God the Father who guarantees that we get, not what we deserve, but Grace in response to our sins.

Christ is our perfect mediator in Heaven.  He sits at the right hand of God to advise the Father when we sin.  When Satan comes into the throne room to demand our damnation because of sin, Christ speaks out for us.  As God, Christ speaks on behalf of God to us to convict us of sin.  As Man,  Christ speaks on our behalf to the Father to insure our position in Saving Grace.  In Hypostatic Union our Lord sits at the right hand of God, a living testimony that He paid for our sins:  I can rest a lot easier knowing that Our Jesus is in Heaven representing me every minute of the day.

Finally, the Hypostatic Union of Christ vindicated God.  In the Old Testament, God gave King David an everlasting covenant:

2 Samuel 7:8-13 "Now therefore so shalt thou say unto my servant David, Thus saith the LORD of hosts, I took thee from the sheepcote, from following the sheep, to be ruler over my people, over Israel: And I was with thee whithersoever thou wentest, and have cut off all thine enemies out of thy sight, and have made thee a great name, like unto the name of the great men that are in the earth. Moreover I will appoint a place for my people Israel, and will plant them, that they may dwell in a place of their own, and move no more; neither shall the children of wickedness afflict them any more, as beforetime, And as since the time that I commanded judges to be over my people Israel, and have caused thee to rest from all thine enemies. Also the LORD telleth thee that he will make thee an house. And when thy days be fulfilled, and thou shalt sleep with thy fathers, I will set up thy seed after thee, which shall proceed out of thy bowels, and I will establish his kingdom. He shall build an house for my name, and I will stablish the throne of his kingdom for ever."

How could God make such a promise to David?  How could David's throne be established for ever?  We know that there will come a time when human reign will perish from the earth, so there is no way that David's line could continue on the throne for ever.

Or was there?  The Hypostatic Union of Christ vindicated the promise of God to David. Christ was born of a virgin. His mother's lineage descended directly from the throne of David:

Luke 3: 23-38  "And Jesus himself began to be about thirty years of age, being (as was supposed) the son of Joseph, which was the son of Heli, Which was the son of Matthat, which was the son of Levi, which was the son of Melchi, which was the son of Janna, which was the son of Joseph, Which was the son of Mattathias, which was the son of Amos, which was the son of Naum, which was the son of Esli, which was the son of Nagge, Which was the son of Maath, which was the son of Mattathias, which was the son of Semei, which was the son of Joseph, which was the son of Juda, Which was the son of Joanna, which was the son of Rhesa, which was the son of Zorobabel, which was the son of Salathiel, which was the son of Neri, Which was the son of Melchi, which was the son of Addi, which was the son of Cosam, which was the son of Elmodam, which was the son of Er, Which was the son of Jose, which was the son of Eliezer, which was the son of Jorim, which was the son of Matthat, which was the son of Levi, Which was the son of Simeon, which was the son of Juda, which was the son of Joseph, which was the son of Jonan, which was the son of Eliakim, Which was the son of Melea, which was the son of Menan, which was the son of Mattatha, which was the son of Nathan, which was the son of David, Which was the son of Jesse, which was the son of Obed, which was the son of Booz, which was the son of Salmon, which was the son of Naasson, Which was the son of Aminadab, which was the son of Aram, which was the son of Esrom, which was the son of Phares, which was the son of Juda, Which was the son of Jacob, which was the son of Isaac, which was the son of Abraham, which was the son of Thara, which was the son of Nachor, Which was the son of Saruch, which was the son of Ragau, which was the son of Phalec, which was the son of Heber, which was the son of Sala, Which was the son of Cainan, which was the son of Arphaxad, which was the son of Sem, which was the son of Noe, which was the son of Lamech, Which was the son of Mathusala, which was the son of Enoch, which was the son of Jared, which was the son of Maleleel, which was the son of Cainan, Which was the son of Enos, which was the son of Seth, which was the son of Adam, which was the son of God."

His true Father was God. Though Joseph was only at best His step-father, Joseph's lineage also proceeded directly from the throne of David:

Matthew 1:1-17  "The book of the generation of Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham.Abraham begat Isaac; and Isaac begat Jacob; and Jacob begat Judas and his brethren; And Judas begat Phares and Zara of Thamar; and Phares begat Esrom; and Esrom begat Aram; And Aram begat Aminadab; and Aminadab begat Naasson; and Naasson begat Salmon; And Salmon begat Booz of Rachab; and Booz begat Obed of Ruth; and Obed begat Jesse; And Jesse begat David the king; and David the king begat Solomon of her that had been the wife of Urias; And Solomon begat Roboam; and Roboam begat Abia; and Abia begat Asa; And Asa begat Josaphat; and Josaphat begat Joram; and Joram begat Ozias; And Ozias begat Joatham; and Joatham begat Achaz; and Achaz begat Ezekias; And Ezekias begat Manasses; and Manasses begat Amon; and Amon begat Josias; And Josias begat Jechonias and his brethren, about the time they were carried away to Babylon: And after they were brought to Babylon, Jechonias begat Salathiel; and Salathiel begat Zorobabel; And Zorobabel begat Abiud; and Abiud begat Eliakim; and Eliakim begat Azor; And Azor begat Sadoc; and Sadoc begat Achim; and Achim begat Eliud; And Eliud begat Eleazar; and Eleazar begat Matthan; and Matthan begat Jacob; And Jacob begat Joseph the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ. So all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen generations; and from David until the carrying away into Babylon are fourteen generations; and from the carrying away into Babylon unto Christ are fourteen generations."

Any way you look at it, the humanity of Christ was directly descended from the throne of David. If Christ were only a man then He couldn't fulfill the Davidic Covenant. But as He is also Eternal God He will never die. In His humanity He has the right to sit on the throne of David, and His Deity insures that He will continue to occupy this throne forever. Without the Hypostatic Union God's promise to David is unfulfilled, but with the Hypostatic Union the promise is fulfilled in Christ.
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