DIDASKALOS MINISTRIES DM037.HTM

JAMES CHAPTER FOUR
INTRODUCTION TO THIS STUDY

The purpose of this study work is to give you the original Greek language words and definitions for all the key words in this selected Bible text. This work does not make any effort to interpret the text in question, though some interpretation may occur naturally as a result of the study. The English translation used is the King James (Authorized) Version, not because it is the best translation available, but because I just plain prefer it for study!

All Scripture text will be presented in normal cased lettering, and all notes within the text will be in TRUE TYPE FONT, as shown. This (I hope) will allow you to avoid confusion between God's Word and my notes. As I update this website, I will continue to embellish the text so that anyone using NETSCAPE or MSIE 3.0 or higher will be able to read the document easier. Greek tenses are abbreviated as follows:

GREEK TENSES:

PR= Present Tense: Shows action in present time. When used with Active Voice, and Indicative Mood, often shows linear or continuing action.
AO= Aorist Tense : Simple, undefined action. The time of the action is undefined, except in the indicative mood.
FUT= Future Tense : Shows action of the verb as defined in the future.
PER= Perfect Tense: The action was completed in the past, but has lasting and continuing results into the future.
IMP= Imperfect Tense: Used only in the indicative mood, and refers to continuous or linear action in past time. As in "I was having".
PLPF= Pluperfect Tense: The action was completed in the past, with continuing results in the past.

GREEK CASES:

GEN= Genitive Case: Usually indicates possession, though it can denote source of the action.
INST = Instrumental Case: Usually denotes action on the object of the verb.
DAT= Dative Case
NOM= Nominative Case
ACC= Accusative

PL= Plural
SG= Singular

GREEK VOICES:

AC= Active Voice: Action was completed by the subject of the verb.
PAS= Passive Voice: The subject receives the action of the verb.
MID= Middle Voice: The subject acts in some way upon itself or to itself.

GREEK MOODS:

IND= Indicative Mood : Makes an assertion of fact, and is used with all Greek tenses. Example: they will go, she saw.
OPT= Optative Mood: Rarely used, it usually expresses a wish or desire.
IMP= Imperative Mood: A command to do something.
SUBJ= Subjective Mood: Makes an assertion about which there is some doubt, uncertainty, or indefiniteness.

OTHER ABBREVIATIONS:

PART= Participle : A verbal adjective, such as "having gone, receiving the gift".
ABL= Ablative of source: When something is out of something. Example, The Spirit out of God.
INF= Infinitive: A verbal noun, examples = to see, to go, to throw.

If you discover obvious errors (as I am human, and do make mistakes), please let me know. Do not contact me to argue about the doctrinal differences that you may have with my teaching. I do not argue Theology with anyone, so all Legalists, cultists, and others with extremist views, please save your (and my) time. If you want to discuss your doctrinal differences, or share a viewpoint, please contact me at Didaskalos Ministries. I am not so arrogant as to think I know it all, or even 1% of what the scripture teaches.

Jms:4:1:

From whence (POTHEN, INTERROGATIVE = FROM WHAT SOURCE)

come wars (POLEMOS, CLASSICAL GREEK = MASSIVE WARFARE, FIGHTING, COMBAT)

and fightings (KAI + POTHEN + MACHAI = AND FROM WHAT SOURCE SKIRMISHES, SMALLER BATTLES)

among you? come they not hence, (OUK + ENTAUTHEN = IS NOT THE SOURCE)

even of your lusts (HEDONE + EK = OUT FROM THE SOURCE OF YOUR SENSUALITY)

that war (STRATEUO, PR MID PART, STATIC PR = KEEPS ON STRUGGLING, KEEPS ON CONTENDING)

in your members? (EN + LOCATIVE, MELOS = IN THE PARTS of your soul)

Jms:4:2:

Ye lust, (EPITHUMEO, PR AC IND = KEEP ON LUSTING, OBEYING THE LUST PATTERN)

and have not: (ECHO, PR AC IND + OUK = KEEP ON NOT HAVING)

ye kill, (PHONEO, PR AC IND = YOU KEEP ON COMMITTING MURDER. A REFERENCE TO, NOT ACTUAL TAKING OF LIFE, BUT THE SIN OF SLANDER AND CHARACTER MURDER)

and desire (ZELOO, PR AC IND = ARE CONTINUALLY IN JEALOUSY)

to have, and cannot (DUNAMAI, PR AC IND + ME = NEVER HAVE THE INHERENT ABILITY)

obtain: ye fight (MACHOMAI, PR MID IND = HAVE BATTLES, SMALL CONTESTS BETWEEN TWO OR MORE)

and war, (POLEMEO, PR AC IND = FIGHTING WITH MANY PEOPLE INVOLVED, LARGE SCALE CONFLICTS)

yet ye have not, (ECHO, PR AC IND + OUK = YOU ABSOLUTELY NEVER HAVE AND HOLD)

because ye ask (EICHEO, PR MID INF = ASK, REQUEST)

not.

Jms:4:3:

Ye ask, (EICHEO, PR AC IND = KEEP ON ASKING)

and receive not, (LAMBANO, PR AC IND + ME = KEEP ON NOT RECEIVING)

because ye ask (EICHEO, PR AC IND = KEEP ON ASKING)

amiss, (KAKOS = EVILLY, WICKEDLY)

that ye may consume (DAPANAO, CONSTATIVE AO AC SUBJ = SQUANDER)

it upon your lusts. (EN + LOCATIVE, HEDONE = IN THE SPHERE OF YOUR SENSUALITY)

Jms:4:4:

Ye adulterers and adulteresses, (MOICHALIS = ADULTERESSES)

know ye not (OIDA, + OUK = DO YOU NOT KNOW)

that the friendship (PHILIA = LOVE)

of the world (KOSMOS = OF THE WORLD, OF THE WORLD ORDER)

is (EIMI, PR AC IND = KEEPS ON BEING)

enmity (ECHTHRA = ALIENATION, AN ENEMY OF)

with God? (THEOS, ABLATIVE SG + HO = FROM THE SOURCE OF THE GOD)

whosoever therefore will (BOULOMAI, AO PAS SUBJ = A DECISION OF THE WILL AFTER CAREFUL OR DELIBERATE PLANNING)

be (EIMI, PR AC IND = KEEPS ON BEING)

a friend (PHILOS = LOVER, FRIENDLY LOVER)

of the world is (KATHISTEMI, PR MID IND = APPOINTS OR COMMISSIONS HIMSELF)

the enemy of God.

Jms:4:5:

Do ye think (DOKEO, PR AC IND = PRESUME, SUBJECTIVELY THINK)

that the scripture (HE GRAPHE = THE WRITING. REFERS TO THE OLD TESTAMENT)

saith (LEGO, PR AC IND = SAYS)

in vain, (KENOS = TO NO PURPOSE)

The spirit that (HOS = WHO)

dwelleth (KATOIKEO, AO AC IND = TO DWELL IN PERMANENTLY)

in us lusteth (EPIPOTHEO, PR AC IND, STATIC PR = KEEPS ON DEEPLY LOVING)

to envy?

Jms:4:6:

But (DE = MOREOVER)

he giveth (DIDOMAI, PR AC IND = KEEPS ON GIVING)

more (MEGAS = GREATER)

grace. (CHARO = GRACE, THE FREE GIFT)

Wherefore (DIO = ON WHICH ACCOUNT)

he saith, (LEGO, PR AC IND = SAYS)

God resisteth (ANTITASSO, PR MID INF = TO BE AGAINST THE RANKS OR AUTHORITY OF)

the proud, (HUPEREPHANOS = THE ARROGANT)

but giveth (DIDOMI, PR AC IND = KEEPS ON GIVING)

grace unto the humble. (TAPEINOS = HUMBLE)

Jms:4:7:

Submit (HUPOTASSO, AO PAS = BE UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF)

yourselves therefore (OUN, INFERENTIAL CONJUNCTION = BECAUSE OF THIS, THEREFORE)

to God. Resist (ANTHISTEMI, AO AC IMP = STAND AGAINST, OPPOSE. THIS IS A COMMAND)

the devil, (DIABOLOS = EVIL ONE)

and he will flee (PHUOGO, FUT MID = HE HIMSELF WILL RUN AWAY)

from you.

Jms:4:8:

Draw nigh (EGGIZO, AO AC IMP = APPROACH, COME TO)

to God, and he will draw nigh (EGGIZO, FUT AC IMP = SHALL APPROACH, COME NEAR TO)

to you. Cleanse (KATHARIZO, AO AC = PURIFY, CLEAN. SEE 1 JOHN 1.9)

your hands, ye sinners; (HAMARTALOS, LOCATIVE PL = ALL WHO MISS THE MARK, SINNERS)

and purify (AGNIZO = TO CLEANSE FROM WITHIN)

your hearts, ye double minded. (DIPSUCHOI = DOUBLE SOULED)

Jms:4:9:

Be afflicted, (TALAIPOREO, AO AC IMP = ENDURE AFFLICTION, BE TORMENTED, MISERABLE)

and mourn, (PENTHEO, AO AC IMP = CONSTANTLY GRIEVING)

and weep: (KLAIO, AO AC IMP = CRYING CONSTANTLY)

let your laughter (GELLOS = FUN, SOMETHING THAT CREATES HAPPINESS)

be turned (METATREPO = BE TURNED OR CHANGED)

to mourning, (PENTHOS, AO PAS + EIS = TURNED TO GRIEF AGAIN AND AGAIN)

and your joy (HE CHARA = THE HAPPINESS)

to heaviness. (EIS + KATETHEIA, ACC = TO DEPRESSION OR DEJECTION)

Jms:4:10:

Humble (TAPEINOO, AO PAS IMP = RECEIVE HUMILITY)

yourselves in the sight (ENOCRON = IN THE PRESENCE OF)

of the Lord, and he shall lift you up. (HUPSOO, FUT AC IND = HE SHALL PROMOTE YOU)

Jms:4:11:

Speak not evil (KATALALEO, PR AC IMP + ME = STOP SLANDERING, SPEAKING EVIL AGAINST, MALIGNING)

one of another, (ALLOS = OF THE SAME KIND. REFERS TO OTHER BELIEVERS)

brethren. He that speaketh evil (KATALALEO, PR AC IMP = KEEPS ON SLANDERING, SPEAKING EVIL AGAINST, MALIGNING)

of his brother, and judgeth (KRINO, PR AC PART = CONTINUALLY JUDGES)

his brother, speaketh evil (KATALALEO, PR AC IMP = KEEPS ON SLANDERING, SPEAKING EVIL AGAINST, MALIGNING)

of the law, and judgeth the law: but if thou judge the law, thou art not a doer of the law, (POIETES + NOUMOU = A DOER OF THE LAW)

but a judge. (KRITES = CRITIC)

Jms:4:12:

There is (EIS, PR AC IND = THERE KEEPS ON BEING)

one lawgiver, (NOMOTHETES = LAW APPOINTER OR AUTHORIZER, LAW DESIGNER)

who is able (DUNAMAI, PR AC IND = KEEPS ON HAVING THE INHERENT POWER)

to save (SOZO, AO AC INF = TO DELIVER)

and to destroy: (APOLLUMI, AO AC INF = TO DESTROY OR PUT TO DEATH)

who art thou that judgest another? (PLESION = NEIGHBOR, THOSE NEARBY)

Jms:4:13:

Go to now, (AGO, PR AC IMP = COME NOW! Expresses the displeasure of the writer)

ye that say, To day (SEMERON = TODAY)

or to morrow (ORION = AFTER SUNRISE, TOMMORROW)

we will go (POREUOMAI = TO JUMP FROM ONE SPOT TO ANOTHER)

into such a city, and continue (POIEO = PRODUCE, WORK)

there (EKEI = IN THAT PLACE)

a year, and buy and sell, (EMPOREUOMAI, FUT MID IND = RETAIL, GENERAL BUYING AND SELLING IN A BUSINESS SENSE)

and get gain: (KERDAINO, FUT AC IND = MAKE A PROFIT)

Jms:4:14:

Whereas (HOSTIS = SUCH A KIND)

ye know not (EPISTAMAI + OUK = WHO DOES NOT EVER UNDERSTAND)

what (POIOS = WHAT KIND)

shall be on the morrow. For what is your life? It is (EIMI, PR AC IND = KEEPS ON BEING)

even a vapour, (ATIMIS = MIST, VAPOR, TRAIL, SMOKE)

that appeareth for a little time, (PROS + HOLIGOS = FACE TO FACE WITH FOR A SHORT TIME)

and then vanisheth away.

Jms:4:15:

For that ye ought to say, If the Lord will, we shall live, and do this, or that.

Jms:4:16:

But now ye rejoice in your boastings: all such rejoicing is evil.

Jms:4:17:

Therefore to him that knoweth to do good, and doeth it not, to him it is sin.

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