DIDASKALOS MINISTRIES DM048

1ST PETER CHAPTER TWO
INTRODUCTION TO THIS STUDY

The purpose of this study work is to give you the original Greek language words and definitions for all the key words in this selected Bible text. This work does not make any effort to interpret the text in question, though some interpretation may occur naturally as a result of the study. The English translation used is the King James (Authorized) Version, not because it is the best translation available, but because I just plain prefer it for study!

All Scripture text will be presented in normal cased lettering, and all notes within the text will be in TRUE TYPE FONT, as shown. This (I hope) will allow you to avoid confusion between God's Word and my notes. As I update this website, I will continue to embellish the text so that anyone using NETSCAPE or MSIE 3.0 or higher will be able to read the document easier. Greek tenses are abbreviated as follows:

GREEK TENSES:

PR= Present Tense: Shows action in present time. When used with Active Voice, and Indicative Mood, often shows linear or continuing action.
AO= Aorist Tense : Simple, undefined action. The time of the action is undefined, except in the indicative mood.
FUT= Future Tense : Shows action of the verb as defined in the future.
PER= Perfect Tense: The action was completed in the past, but has lasting and continuing results into the future.
IMP= Imperfect Tense: Used only in the indicative mood, and refers to continuous or linear action in past time. As in "I was having".
PLPF= Pluperfect Tense: The action was completed in the past, with continuing results in the past.

GREEK CASES:

GEN= Genitive Case: Usually indicates possession, though it can denote source of the action.
INST = Instrumental Case: Usually denotes action on the object of the verb.
DAT= Dative Case
NOM= Nominative Case
ACC= Accusative

PL= Plural
SG= Singular

GREEK VOICES:

AC= Active Voice: Action was completed by the subject of the verb.
PAS= Passive Voice: The subject receives the action of the verb.
MID= Middle Voice: The subject acts in some way upon itself or to itself.

GREEK MOODS:

IND= Indicative Mood : Makes an assertion of fact, and is used with all Greek tenses. Example: they will go, she saw.
OPT= Optative Mood: Rarely used, it usually expresses a wish or desire.
IMP= Imperative Mood: A command to do something.
SUBJ= Subjective Mood: Makes an assertion about which there is some doubt, uncertainty, or indefiniteness.

OTHER ABBREVIATIONS:

PART= Participle : A verbal adjective, such as "having gone, receiving the gift".
ABL= Ablative of source: When something is out of something. Example, The Spirit out of God.
INF= Infinitive: A verbal noun, examples = to see, to go, to throw.

If you discover obvious errors (as I am human, and do make mistakes), please let me know. Do not contact me to argue about the doctrinal differences that you may have with my teaching. I do not argue Theology with anyone, so all Legalists, cultists, and others with extremist views, please save your (and my) time. If you want to discuss your doctrinal differences, or share a viewpoint, please contact me at Didaskalos Ministries. I am not so arrogant as to think I know it all, or even 1% of what the scripture teaches.

1Pt:2:1:

Wherefore laying aside (APOTITHEMI = TO CAST OFF, PUT AWAY)

all malice, (KAKIA, ACC SG = MALICE, PETTY ANTAGONISM, DEFAMATION OF CHARACTER)

and all guile, (DOLOS = FRAUD OR DECEIT)

and hypocrisies, and envies, (PHTHONOS, ACC PL = JEALOUSIES)

and all evil speakings, (KATALALIA = SPEAKING AGAINST, BACKBITING VERBALLY)

1Pt:2:2:

As newborn babes, desire (EPITUTHEO, AO AC IMP = HAVE AN INTENSE DESIRE OR DEEP AFFECTION FOR)

the sincere (ADOLOS= UNADULTERATED, NOT MIXED WITH OTHER INGREDIENTS)

milk of the word, (LOGIKOS = LOGICAL DOCTRINE, I.E. THE SCRIPTURE. SEE RO.12.1)

that ye may grow (AO PAS SUBJ, AUZANO = YOU MAY GROW. GROWTH IS POTENTIAL BASED ON STUDY OF GOD'S WORD.)

thereby:

1Pt:2:3:

If so be ye have tasted (GEUOMAI, AO MID IND = HAVE TASTED. REFERS TO THE POINT OF SALVATION)

that the Lord is gracious. (CRESTOS, A PARANOMASIA OF CHRIST. LITERALLY, "IS CHRIST")

1Pt:2:4:

To whom (PROS + ACC = FACE TO FACE WITH WHOM)

coming, as unto a living (ZAO, PR AC PART = ALWAYS LIVING. SEE 1 JO 5.11-12)

stone, (LITHOS = STONE USED FOR BUILDING)

disallowed (APODOKIMAZO, PER PAS PART = REPUDIATED OR REJECTED FROM THE ULTIMATE SOURCE OF. THE JEWS AND ROMANS, FOR THE MOST PART, REJECTED CHRIST)

indeed of men, but chosen (EKLEKTOS = ELECTED)

of God, and precious, (ENTIMOS = MOST HIGHLY HONORED)

1Pt:2:5:

Ye also, as lively stones, (PR AC PART, ZAO + LITHOS = CONSTANTLY OR CONTINUOUSLY LIVING BUILDING BLOCKS)

are built up (PR PAS IND, OIKODOMEO = ARE BEING IN THE PROCESS OF CONSTRUCTION)

a spiritual house, an holy (HAGIOS = SET APART FOR GOD'S USE)

priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ.

1Pt:2:6:

Wherefore also it is contained in the scripture, Behold, I lay in Sion a chief corner stone, elect, precious: and he that believeth on him shall not be confounded.

1Pt:2:7:

Unto you therefore which believe (PR AC PART, PISTEUO = WHICH KEEP ON BELIEVING)

he is precious: (TIME = OF HIGHEST VALUE)

but unto them which be disobedient, (PR AC PART, APISTEUO = WHICH KEEP ON REFUSING TO BELIEVE)

the stone which the builders (REFERS TO THE PHARISEES AND ROMANS)

disallowed, (APODOKIMAZO, AO AC IND = TO REJECT FROM THE SOURCE OF SELF)

the same is made (AO PAS IND, GINOMAI = HAS BECOME)

the head of the corner,

1Pt:2:8:

And a stone of stumbling, (PROSKOMMA = SHOCKING ROCK)

and a rock (PETRA = HUGE ROCK, BOULDER)

of offence, (SKANDALON = SOMETHING THAT IS SOCIALLY UNACCEPTABLE, SCANDALOUS)

even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed.(TITHEMI = WERE APPOINTED. A REFERENCE TO THE ATONEMENT OF THE CROSS. BECAUSE OF UNLIMITED ATONEMENT, THE WHOLE HUMAN RACE WAS UNDER APPOINTMENT OF SALVATION. THE UNBELIEVER REJECTS THIS APPOINTMENT, AND THUS IS LOST. SEE RO 5.6; 2 CO 5.14-19; 1 TI 2.6; TIT 2.11; HEB 2.9; 1 JO 2.2; HEB 9.27)

1Pt:2:9:

But ye (PROLEPTIC PRONOUN, EMPHATIC POSITION = YOU!!!!)

are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar (PERIPOIESIS = SPECIALLY PROTECTED, ENCIRCLED WITH CARE)

people; that ye should shew forth (AO AC SUBJ, EZAGGELLO = SHOULD MANIFEST OUTWARDLY)

the praises (ARETE = EXCELLENCIES)

of him who hath called (KALEO, AO AC PART = HAS CALLED)

you out of darkness into his marvellous (THAUMASTES = AMAZING, ASTOUNDING)

light:

1Pt:2:10:

Which in time past were not a people, but are now the people of God: which had not obtained mercy, (PER PAS PART, ELEOO = RECEIVED MERCY)

but now have obtained mercy.

1Pt:2:11:

Dearly beloved, (AGAPEITOI = LOVED ONES OF GOD. REFERS TO THE BELIEVER IN UNION WITH CHRIST, SEE 1 JO 3.1-2)

I beseech (PARAKALEO, PR AC IND = KEEP ON CALLING YOU ALONGSIDE SO AS TO FOLLOW AS I FOLLOW)

you as strangers (PAROIKOS = FOREIGNERS, TEMPORARY RESIDENTS)

and pilgrims, (PAREPIDEMOS = ONE WHO VISITS ANOTHER, A NON-RESIDENT)

abstain (APECHO, PR MID INF = KEEP ON AVOIDING THE SOURCE OF)

from fleshly lusts, (EPITHUMIA = THE LUST PATTERNS OF THE OLD SIN NATURE)

which war (PR MID IND, STRATEUO = PLAN WAR OR STRATEGIES AGAINST)

against the soul;

1Pt:2:12:

Having (PR AC PART, ECHO = KEEP ON HAVING AND HOLDING)

your conversation (ANASTROPHE = MANNER OR WAY OF LIFE)

honest (KALOS = OF SYMMETRY AND GOOD QUALITY)

among the Gentiles: that, whereas they speak against (KATALALEO, SPEAK AGAINST, MALIGN)

you as evildoers, they may by your good works, which they shall behold,(EPOPTEUO = ACT AS A SPECTATOR. SEE 1 CO 3.11-16; 2 CO 5.10; 2 TI 2.12)

glorify God in the day of visitation. (EPISKOPAS = A MILITARY TERM REFERRING TO A PARADE WHERE THE PARTICIPANTS ARE INSPECTED BY OTHERS. WHEN UNBELIEVERS INSPECT YOU, YOU STAND AS A SILENT WITNESS FOR OR AGAINST GOD)

1Pt:2:13:

Submit (AO PAS IMP, HUPOTASSO = BE IN SUBMISSION OR SUBJECTION TO, RECOGNIZE THE AUTHORITY OF)

yourselves to every ordinance of man (BELIEVERS ARE TO OBEY ALL LAWS OF MAN EXCEPT THOSE WHICH ARE SATANIC. SEE ACTS 4.17-21)

for the Lord's (DIA + ACC = BECAUSE OF THE LORD'S SAKE)

sake: whether it be to the king, as supreme;

1Pt:2:14:

Or unto governors, (HEGEMON = THE ROMAN PROCURATOR, OR GOVERNOR OF A PROVINCE)

as unto them that are sent by him for the punishment (EVEN EXTENDS TO CAPITAL PUNISHMENT. SEE ROMANS 13.4; GENESIS 9.6)

of evildoers, and for the praise (EPAINOS = RECOGNITION TO HONOR)

of them that do well. (AGATHO + POIEO = THOSE WHO PRODUCE DIVINE GOOD)

1Pt:2:15:

For so is (EIMI, PR AC IND = KEEPS ON BEING)

the will of God, that with well doing (AGATHOPOIEO, PR AC PART = ALWAYS PRODUCING DIVINE OR INHERENT GOOD)

ye may put to silence (PHIMOO, PR AC INF = TO MUZZLE SO AS TO PROTECT SELF. A MUZZLED DOG CAN MAKE NOISE, BUT NOT HURT YOU)

the ignorance of foolish men:

1Pt:2:16:

As free, (NOM MASCULINE PL, ELEUTHEROS = IN A STATE OF FREEDOMS. THE BELIEVER HAS MANY FREEDOMS FROM GOD, BUT NOT THE FREEDOM TO BREAK THE LAW)

and not using your liberty (ELEUTHERIA = EXPERIENCE OF FREEDOM)

for a cloak of maliciousness, (EPIKALLUMA + KAKIA = VEIL OF EVIL)

but as the servants of God.

1Pt:2:17:

Honour (AO AC IMP, TIMAO = YOU WILL SHOW HONOR FOR)

all men. Love (PR AC IMP, AGAPAO = KEEP ON LOVING)

the brotherhood. (ADELPHOTES = THE FAMILY OF GOD, BROTHERHOOD)

Fear (PR MID IMP, PHOBEO = KEEP HAVING RESPECT OR REVERENTIAL AWE FOR)

God. Honour (PR AC IMP, TIMAO = KEEP ON HONORING)

the king.

1Pt:2:18:

Servants, (OIKETES = A DOMESTIC SERVANT, ANYONE LABORING UNDER SUPERVISION)

be subject (HUPOTASSO, PR MID PART = KEEP ON BEING UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF)

to your masters (DESPOTES = SUPERVISORS, BOSSES)

with all fear; (PHOBOS = FEAR, RESPECT. SEE ISAIAH 41.10)

not only to the good and gentle, (EPIEIKES = REASONABLE)

but also to the froward.(SKOORIOS = UNFAIR, INCOMPETENT. SEE COLOSSIANS 3.16-17)

1Pt:2:19:

For this is thankworthy, (CHARIS = UNMERITED FAVOR, GRACE) if a man (TIS = ANYONE)

for conscience (DIA + ACC, SUNEIDESIS = BECAUSE OF CONSCIENCE)

toward God endure (HUPOPHERO, PR AC IND = BEAR UP UNDER, PATIENTLY ENDURE)

grief, (ACC PL, LUPE = SORROWS, AFFLICTIONS)

suffering wrongfully. (PASCHO, PR AC PART + ADIKOS = SUFFERING UNDESERVEDLY, FOR NO PROPER CAUSE, SUFFERING UNJUSTLY)

1Pt:2:20:

For what glory (KLEOS = CREDIT, BLESSING)

is it, if, when ye be buffeted (PR PAS PART, KOLAPHIZO = TO RECEIVE A BEATING WITH THE FISTS, RECEIVE SLUGGING)

for your faults, (PR AC PART, HAMARTANO = BECAUSE OF YOUR SINNING)

ye shall take it patiently? but if, when ye do well, (AGATHOPOIEO = PRODUCE DIVINE GOOD)

and suffer for it, ye take it patiently, (HUPOMENO = ABIDE OR STAY UNDER IT)

this is acceptable (CHARIS = GRACE, UNMERITED FAVOR)

with God.

1Pt:2:21:

For even hereunto (EIS + TOUTO = INTO THIS. BELIEVERS WERE CALLED BY GOD TO ENDURE UNDESERVED SUFFERING)

were ye called: because Christ also suffered for us, (CHRIST SUFFERED UNDESERVEDLY FOR US ON THE CROSS)

leaving (HUPOLIMPANO, PR AC PART = LEAVING BEHIND AS AN EXAMPLE)

us an example, (HUPOGRAMMOS = A COPY HEAD, A DEVICE THAT WAS USED IN THE ANCIENT WORLD TO TRACE OVER AND OVER AGAIN UNTIL YOU LEARNED HOW TO WRITE)

that ye should follow (EPAKOLOUTHEO = TO FOLLOW AFTER, TRACE THE COPY HEAD)

his steps:

1Pt:2:22:

Who did no (AO AC IND, POIEO + OUK = ABSOLUTELY DID NOT)

sin, neither was guile (GOAS = TREACHERY, EVIL INTENTIONS)

found in his mouth:

1Pt:2:23:

Who, when he was reviled, (PR PAS PART, LOIDOREO = CONTINUALLY SLANDERED SO AS TO SLUR THE CHARACTER)

reviled not again; (ANTILOIDOREO , PR PAS PART = DIDN'T RESPOND WITH RETALIATORY SLANDER)

when he suffered, he threatened not; (APEILEO = DIDN'T THREATEN TO HARM)

but committed himself to him that judgeth righteously:

1Pt:2:24:

Who his own self bare (AO AC IND, ANAPHERO = TO BEAR ALOFT, LIFT UP OR SHOW BY LIFTING)

our sins (SEE THE DOCTRINE OF UNLIMITED ATONEMENT)

in his own body on the tree, that we, being dead (AO AC PART, APOGINOMAI = BEING AWAY FROM OR UNCONNECTED TO)

to sins, should live (AO AC SUBJ, ZAO = SHOULD FUNCTION IN LIFE)

unto righteousness: by whose stripes (MOLOPS = MARKS OR BRUISES. REFERS TO CHRIST'S TORMENT ON THE CROSS)

ye were healed. (AO PAS IND, IAOMAI = RECEIVED CURE OR RESTORATION)

1Pt:2:25:

For ye were (IMPER AC IND, EIMI = YOU KEPT ON BEING)

as sheep going astray; (PR MID PART, PLANAO = GOING ASTRAY WITHOUT A SHEPHERD)

but are now returned unto the Shepherd (REFERS TO CHRIST IN HIS CAPACITY AS OUR SAVIOUR. SEE JOHN 10.10-11; HEBREWS 13.20; 1 PETER 5.4)

and Bishop (EPISKOPOS = GUARDIAN, OVERSEER. REFERS TO CHRIST'S RELATIONSHIP WITH US AFTER SALVATION. SEE MARK 8.36-37; HEBREWS 10.39; PSALMS 19.7; 49.8; 39.8)

of your souls.

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