DIDASKALOS MINISTRIES DM053.HTM

HEBREWS CHAPTER TWO
INTRODUCTION TO THIS STUDY

The purpose of this study work is to give you the original Greek language words and definitions for all the key words in this selected Bible text. This work does not make any effort to interpret the text in question, though some interpretation may occur naturally as a result of the study. The English translation used is the King James (Authorized) Version, not because it is the best translation available, but because I just plain prefer it for study!

All Scripture text will be presented in normal cased lettering, and all notes within the text will be in TRUE TYPE FONT, as shown. This (I hope) will allow you to avoid confusion between God's Word and my notes. As I update this website, I will continue to embellish the text so that anyone using NETSCAPE or MSIE 3.0 or higher will be able to read the document easier. Greek tenses are abbreviated as follows:

GREEK TENSES:

PR= Present Tense: Shows action in present time. When used with Active Voice, and Indicative Mood, often shows linear or continuing action.
AO= Aorist Tense : Simple, undefined action. The time of the action is undefined, except in the indicative mood.
FUT= Future Tense : Shows action of the verb as defined in the future.
PER= Perfect Tense: The action was completed in the past, but has lasting and continuing results into the future.
IMP= Imperfect Tense: Used only in the indicative mood, and refers to continuous or linear action in past time. As in "I was having".
PLPF= Pluperfect Tense: The action was completed in the past, with continuing results in the past.

GREEK CASES:

GEN= Genitive Case: Usually indicates possession, though it can denote source of the action.
INST = Instrumental Case: Usually denotes action on the object of the verb.
DAT= Dative Case
NOM= Nominative Case
ACC= Accusative

PL= Plural
SG= Singular

GREEK VOICES:

AC= Active Voice: Action was completed by the subject of the verb.
PAS= Passive Voice: The subject receives the action of the verb.
MID= Middle Voice: The subject acts in some way upon itself or to itself.

GREEK MOODS:

IND= Indicative Mood : Makes an assertion of fact, and is used with all Greek tenses. Example: they will go, she saw.
OPT= Optative Mood: Rarely used, it usually expresses a wish or desire.
IMP= Imperative Mood: A command to do something.
SUBJ= Subjective Mood: Makes an assertion about which there is some doubt, uncertainty, or indefiniteness.

OTHER ABBREVIATIONS:

PART= Participle : A verbal adjective, such as "having gone, receiving the gift".
ABL= Ablative of source: When something is out of something. Example, The Spirit out of God.
INF= Infinitive: A verbal noun, examples = to see, to go, to throw.

If you discover obvious errors (as I am human, and do make mistakes), please let me know. Do not contact me to argue about the doctrinal differences that you may have with my teaching. I do not argue Theology with anyone, so all Legalists, cultists, and others with extremist views, please save your (and my) time. If you want to discuss your doctrinal differences, or share a viewpoint, please contact me at Didaskalos Ministries. I am not so arrogant as to think I know it all, or even 1% of what the scripture teaches.

2:1

Therefore (<- DIATOUTO, ACC = BECAUSE OF THIS)

we (<- Refers to the Jewish people, of which the writer is also of Jewish heritage)

ought (<- DEI, IMPERSONAL FORM TO INDICATE LOGICAL NECESSITY = SHOULD)

to give the more earnest (<- COMPARATIVE ADVERB, PERISSOTERES = MUCH MORE)

heed ( ...... <- PROSECHO, PR AC = OBSERVING BY CONCENTRATION, APPLYING THE MIND)

to the things (<- DAT PL, TOIS, DAT OF ADVANTAGE = TO THE THINGS)

which we have heard, (<- AKOUO, AO PAS PART = HAVING HEARD)

lest at any time (<- ME + POTE, INCLUDIC PARTICLE = SO THAT AT NO TIME)

we should let [them] slip. (<- AO AC SUBJ, PARARREO = DRIFT PAST, GLIDE BY SO AS TO REJECT)

2:2

For if (<- EAN + IND MOOD = IF, AND IT'S TRUE)

the word (<- LOGOS + HO = THE WORD, DOCTRINAL TEACHING by extension)

spoken (<- LALEO, AO PAS = TAUGHT, COMMUNICATED)

by angels (<- DIA + GEN = THROUGH ANGELS. God taught the nation Israel the Mosaic Law through angels. SEE DEUTERONOMY 33.2; PSALM 68.7; ACTS 7.38; ACTS 7.53; GALATIANS 3.19)

was (<- GINOMAI = BECAME something that it was not before)

steadfast, (BEBAIOS = INSOLUBLE, CERTAIN)

and every (<- KAI + PASA = AND EVERY)

transgression (PARABASIS = DEVIATION FROM THE TRUTH, STEPPING OVER THE LINE)

and disobedience (<- PARAKOE = REFUSAL TO HEAR, NOT WILLING TO HEAR doctrine)

received (<- AO AC IND, LAMBANO = RECEIVED ONCE AND FOR ALL)

a just (<- ACC, ENDIKOS = JUST, FAIR)

recompense of reward; (MISTHAPOPOSIA = TO RECEIVE BACK WHAT IS DUE AS PUNISHMENT)

2:3

How (<- POS, INTEROGGATIVE ADVERB = BY WHAT MEANS)

shall we escape, (<- FUT MID, EKPHEUOO = ESCAPE OUT FROM the judgment of God)

if we neglect (<- AMELEO = MAKE LIGHT OF, IGNORE, DISREGARD, NEGLECT)

so great (<- ABL SG, TELIKOUTOS = SUCH A GREAT THING, SO GREAT)

salvation; (<- SOTERIA, ABL = SOURCE OF SALVATION)

which (HOSTIS = WHICH KIND)

at the first (<- ARCHE = IN THE BEGINNING)

began (<- AO AC PART, LAMBANO = HAVING RECEIVED)

to be spoken (PR MID INF, LALEO = KEPT ON COMMUNICATING)

by the Lord, (<- DIA + GEN = THROUGH THE LORD)

and was confirmed (<- AO PAS, BEBAIOO = WAS RATIFIED, WAS ESTABLISHED AS LAW)

unto us by them that heard (<- PR AC PART, MELLO = ABOUT TO BE, COMING INTO BEING)

[him];

2:4

God (<- HO + THEOS = THE GOD refers to God the Father)

also bearing [them] witness, (<- TRIPLE COMPOUND VERB, PR AC, SUNEPIMARTUREO = WITNESSING IN A COURTROOM, GIVING SOLEMN TESTIMONY WITH REGARD TO SOMETHING SEEN HABITUALLY linear aktionsart verb denotes repeated action)

both with signs (<- SEMEION = A SIGN OR EVENT THAT WARNS OF DISASTER THROUGH SUPERNATURAL EVENTS. THERE ARE THREE SIGNS GIVEN TO ISRAEL 1. The birth of Christ, 2. The spiritual and physical death of Christ on the cross, 3. the gift of Tongues in the Apostolic Era)

and wonders, (<- INST PL, TERAS = BY MEANS OF WONDERS)

and with divers miracles, (<- POIKILOS + DUNAMIS = MANY KINDS OF MIRACULOUS POWERS. SEE 1 PETER 1.5; ACTS 1.8)

and gifts (<- MERISMOS = AN IMPARTED OR DISTRIBUTED GIFT)

of the Holy Ghost, (<- ABL OF SOURCE, PNEUMA = FROM THE SOURCE OF THE HOLY SPIRIT)

according to (<- KATA = ACCORDING TO THE NORM OR STANDARD OF)

his own will? (<- THELEMA = DIVINE DECREE OR DESIGN)

2:5

For unto the angels (<- OU + GAR + AGGELOIS = FOR NOT TO THE ANGELS)

hath he [not] put in subjection (<- HUPOTASSO = TO PUT IN LINE, IN SUBMISSION, SUBORDINATE)

the world (<- OIKOUMENE = INHABITED EARTH, CIVILIZATION. refers to the coming Millinial Age)

to come, (<- PR AC PART, MELLO = ABOUT TO BE COMING)

whereof we speak. (<- LALEO COMMUNICATE)

2:6

But (<- DE, TRANSITIONAL USE = MOREOVER)

one (<- refers to the Psalmist David)

in a certain place (<- INCLUDIC PARTICLE, POU = IN A PLACE. SEE PSALM 8.4-6)

testified, (<- AO MID IND, DIAMARTUROMAI = HAS GIVEN AN INTENSE AND SOLEMN TESTIMONY)

saying, (<- PR AC PART, LEGO = SAID SO THAT IT STANDS SAID FOREVER)

What is (<- PR AC IND, EIMI = KEEPS ON BEING)

man, (<- ANTHROPOS = MANKIND a generic term referring to either male or female)

that thou art mindful (<- PR MID, MIMNESKOMAI = CONTINUALLY REMEMBER OR BE REMINDED OF)

of him? or the son of man, (<- HE + HUIOS + ANTHROPOU = A SON OF MAN)

that thou visitest (<- EPISKEPTOMAI = TO VISIT FOR THE PURPOSE OF BLESSING OR HELPING)

him?

2:7

Thou madest him a little lower (<- ELATOO = MAKE SOMETHING INFERIOR TO SOMETHING ELSE. Christ was superior to mankind and angels as God, but cloaked Himself in humanity and became inferior to the angels and equal to man)

than the angels; thou crownedst (<- STEPHANOO = CROWNED AS KING)

him with glory and honour, (<- DOXZA + TIME, DAT OF POSSESSION = HIS GLORY AND HONOR)

and [didst set him over the works of thy hands:]

2:8

Thou hast put all things (PAS, ACC PL, EMPHATIC POSITION = ABSOLUTELY ALL THINGS)

in subjection (AO AC IND, HUPOTASSO HAVING SUBORDINATED)

under (HUPOKATO, COMPOUND ADVERB USED AS A PREPOSITION = DOWN UNDER)

his feet. For in that (EN + TO + GAR = FOR IN)

he put all in subjection (<- HUPOTASSO, AO AC ARTICULAR INF + TA + PAS, PL = SUBORDINATED THE ALL THINGS)

under him, he left nothing (AO AC IND, APHIEMI + OUDEIS = NEGATED NOT ONE THING)

[that is] not put under (ANUPAKTOS = INSUBORDINATE)

him. But now we see (<- PR AC, HORAO = KEEP ON HAVING A PANORAMIC VIEW OF)

not yet (<- NEGATIVE ADVERB, OUPO = YET NOT NOW, NOT ALL)

all things put under (HUPOTASSO, PER PAS = RECEIVING SUBORDINATION WITH CONTINUING RESULTS)

him.

NOTE: Because the King James translation is so confused in it's proper Greek Word order in verse 8, a corrected translation would read: "You have subordinated all things down under His (Christ's) feet. For in that He subordinated absolutely all under Him, not one thing is insubordinant to Him (Christ). But now we keep on seeing all around us not all things are as of yet permanently subordinated to Him (Christ)."

2:9

But we see (<- BLEPO = GLANCE AT)

Jesus, who was made a little lower (<- PER PAS PART, ELATOO + BRACHOUS = HAVING BEEN MADE INFERIOR FOR A BRIEF TIME)

than the angels for the suffering (<- DIA + ACC, PATHEMA = BECAUSE OF THE SUFFERING)

of death, (<- THANATOS = SPIRITUAL DEATH)

crowned (<- PER PAS PART, STEPHANOO = HAVING BEEN CROWNED IN THE PAST SO THAT HE IS STILL CROWNED)

with glory and honour; that he by the grace of God (<- HOPAS + INST SG, CHARIS + THEOS, ABL = THAT HE BY MEANS OF THE GRACE FROM GOD)

should taste (<- AO AC SUBJ, GEUOMAI SHOULD TASTE)

death (<- THANATOS = SPIRITUAL DEATH)

for every man. (<- HUPER + ACC, PAS FOR ALL, FOR EVERYONE)

2:10

For (<- ILLITIVE PARTICLE, GAR = FOR THIS REASON)

it became (<- IMPER AC IND, IMPERSONAL VERB, PREPEI = WAS FITTING OR RIGHT)

him, (AUTOS, INST OF CAUSE = FOR HIM)

for whom (<- DIA + ACC, HOS = BECAUSE OF WHOM)

[are] all things, and by whom (<- DIA + GEN, HOS = THROUGH WHOM)

[are] all things, in bringing (<- AO AC, AGO = LEADING)

many sons unto glory, (<- EIS + ACC, DOXZA = TO GLORY)

to make the captain (<- ARCHECOS = HIGHEST RANK IN THE ROMAN ARMY, GENERAL)

of their salvation (<- GEN SG, SOTERIA, OBJECTIVE GEN + AUTOS, POSSESSIVE GEN = OF THEIR SALVATION OR DELIVERANCE)

perfect (AO, TELEIOO = MAKE COMPLETE)

through sufferings. (<- DIA + GEN, PATHEMA = THROUGH SUFFERINGS)

2:11

For both he that sanctifieth (<- PR AC, HAGIAZO TO SET APART WITH CONTINUING RESULTS)

and they who are sanctified [are] all of one: (EZ + ENOS + PANTES = ALL FROM THE SOURCE OF ONE the Father)

for which cause (<- DIA + ACC, HOS = FOR THIS REASON, BECAUSE OF WHICH)

he is not ashamed (<- PR PAS IND, EPAISCHUNOMAI = IS NEVER EMBARRASSED OR ASHAMED)

to call (<- PR AC INF, KALEO = INTRODUCE them AS)

them brethren,

2:12

Saying, (<- PR AC PART, LEGO = SAYING SO THAT IT STANDS FOREVER)

I will declare (AO AC IND, APAGGELLO = PROCLAIM OR ANNOUNCE FROM THE ULTIMATE SOURCE)

thy name (<- ONOMA = NAME)

unto my brethren, in the midst of the church will I sing praise unto thee.

2:13

And again, I will put my trust (<- EIMI, FUT AC + PEITHO, PER AC = I SHALL HAVE CONFIDENCE)

in him. (EPI + DAT = IN HIM)

And again, Behold (<- HORAO, IMP = SEE THIS!)

I and the children (PAIDION = DEAR CHILDREN, LOVED CHILDREN)

which God hath given (AO AC IND, DIDOMI = HAS GIVEN)

me.

2:14

Forasmuch then (<- EPEI + OUN = SINCE THEREFORE)

[as] the children (<- TA + PAIDIA = THE BELOVED CHILDREN)

are partakers (<- PER AC IND, KOINONEO = HAVE A PERMANENT SHARING)

of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise (<- PARAPLESIOS = IN THE SAME MANNER)

took part (<- AO AC IND, METECHO TO HAVE IN A SENSE OF TAKING HOLD, HAVING UNIQUELY)

of the same; that through death (<- HINA + SUBJ MOOD, DIA + GEN, THANATOS = THAT THROUGH SPIRITUAL DEATH)

he might destroy (<- AO AC SUBJ, KATARGEO = DEPRIVE OF FORCE, NULLIFY THE POWER OF)

him that had (<- PR AC PART, ECHO KEPT ON HAVING AND HOLDING)

the power (<- KRATOS = RULING POWER)

of death, (<- THANATOS SPIRITUAL DEATH)

that is, (<- PR AC IND, EIMI = KEPT ON BEING)

the devil;

2:15

And deliver (<- AO AC SUBJ, APALLASSO = FREE FROM SLAVERY, BRING FROM BONDAGE. Gnomic Aorist)

them who through fear (<- INST SG, PHOBOS = BY MEANS OF FEAR)

of death (<- THANATOS, ABL SG = THE SOURCE OF SPIRITUAL DEATH)

were (IMPER AC IND, EIMI, LINEAR ACTION IN PAST TIME = KEPT ON BEING)

all their lifetime (DIA + GEN, PAS + PR AC INF, ZAO = THROUGH ALL THE FUNCTIONS OF LIFE)

subject to (<- PREDICATE NOMINATIVE PL, ENOCHOS = LIABLE TO, HELD IN)

bondage. (<- GEN SG, DOULEIA = SLAVERY)

2:16

For verily (<- ADVERB, DEPOU = OBVIOUSLY)

he took not on (<- PR MID IND, EPILAMBANO, DRAMATIC PR + OUK = HE ABSOLUTELY DID NOT ASSUME)

[him the nature of] angels; but he took on (PR MID IND, DRAMATIC PR, EPILAMBANO = HE ASSUMED)

[him] the seed of Abraham.

2:17

Wherefore (REFLEXIVE ADVERB, HOTHEN = FOR THIS REASON)

in all things (<- KATA + ACC, PAS = ACCORDING TO THE STANDARD OF ALL THINGS)

it behooved (<- HOTHEILO = A NECESSITY BESTOWED BY LAW OR DUTY, WAS HIS DUTY TO)

him to be made like unto (<- AO PAS INF, HOMOIOO, CULMINATIVE AO = TO BE MADE LIKE ONCE AND FOR ALL)

[his] brethren, (<- DAT PL, ADELPHOS = TO THE BROTHERS)

that he might be (<- AO MID SUBJ, GINOMAI = HE MIGHT BECOME)

a merciful (<- ADJECTIVE, ELEEMON = COMPASSIONATE)

and faithful (<- ADJECTIVE, PISTOS = FAITHFUL, DEPENDABLE, TRUSTWORTHY)

high priest in things [pertaining] to God, (<- TA + PROS + TON + THEON = THE THINGS FACE TO FACE WITH THE GOD the Father)

to make reconciliation (<- PR MID INF, HILASKOMAI, DRAMATIC PR, PERMANENT RESULTS = TO MAKE PROPITIATION OR SATISFACTION BEFORE GOD)

for the sins of the people.

2:18

For in that (EN + LOCATIVE, HOS = IN THAT WHICH)

he himself hath suffered (PER AC IND, PASCHO HAS SUFFERED)

being tempted, (<- AO AC PART, PEIRAZO = HAVING BEEN TESTED TO DETERMINE THE QUALITY OF)

he is able (<- PR AC IND, DUNAMAI = KEEPS ON HAVING THE INHERENT POWER OR ABILITY)

to succor (<- AO AC INF, BOETHEO = TO ADVANCE TO THE ASSISTANCE OF SOMEONE, AID, RUN TO THE AID OF SOMEONE NEEDING HELP)

them that are tempted. (<- PR PAS PART, PEIRAZO = THOSE BEING TESTED TO DETERMINE THE QUALITY OF)

Please feel free to E-mail me your questions, comments, and any difficulties you experienced accessing this study at DIDASKALOS Ministries

Return to the beginning of this study!

Return to DIDASKALOS MAIN MENU