DIDASKALOS MINISTRIES DM055.HTM

HEBREWS CHAPTER FOUR
INTRODUCTION TO THIS STUDY

The purpose of this study work is to give you the original Greek language words and definitions for all the key words in this selected Bible text. This work does not make any effort to interpret the text in question, though some interpretation may occur naturally as a result of the study. The English translation used is the King James (Authorized) Version, not because it is the best translation available, but because I just plain prefer it for study!

All Scripture text will be presented in normal cased lettering, and all notes within the text will be in TRUE TYPE FONT, as shown. This (I hope) will allow you to avoid confusion between God's Word and my notes. As I update this website, I will continue to embellish the text so that anyone using NETSCAPE or MSIE 3.0 or higher will be able to read the document easier. Greek tenses are abbreviated as follows:

GREEK TENSES:

PR= Present Tense: Shows action in present time. When used with Active Voice, and Indicative Mood, often shows linear or continuing action.
AO= Aorist Tense : Simple, undefined action. The time of the action is undefined, except in the indicative mood.
FUT= Future Tense : Shows action of the verb as defined in the future.
PER= Perfect Tense: The action was completed in the past, but has lasting and continuing results into the future.
IMP= Imperfect Tense: Used only in the indicative mood, and refers to continuous or linear action in past time. As in "I was having".
PLPF= Pluperfect Tense: The action was completed in the past, with continuing results in the past.

GREEK CASES:

GEN= Genitive Case: Usually indicates possession, though it can denote source of the action.
INST = Instrumental Case: Usually denotes action on the object of the verb.
DAT= Dative Case
NOM= Nominative Case
ACC= Accusative

PL= Plural
SG= Singular

GREEK VOICES:

AC= Active Voice: Action was completed by the subject of the verb.
PAS= Passive Voice: The subject receives the action of the verb.
MID= Middle Voice: The subject acts in some way upon itself or to itself.

GREEK MOODS:

IND= Indicative Mood : Makes an assertion of fact, and is used with all Greek tenses. Example: they will go, she saw.
OPT= Optative Mood: Rarely used, it usually expresses a wish or desire.
IMP= Imperative Mood: A command to do something.
SUBJ= Subjective Mood: Makes an assertion about which there is some doubt, uncertainty, or indefiniteness.

OTHER ABBREVIATIONS:

PART= Participle : A verbal adjective, such as "having gone, receiving the gift".
ABL= Ablative of source: When something is out of something. Example, The Spirit out of God.
INF= Infinitive: A verbal noun, examples = to see, to go, to throw.

If you discover obvious errors (as I am human, and do make mistakes), please let me know. Do not contact me to argue about the doctrinal differences that you may have with my teaching. I do not argue Theology with anyone, so all Legalists, cultists, and others with extremist views, please save your (and my) time. If you want to discuss your doctrinal differences, or share a viewpoint, please contact me at Didaskalos Ministries. I am not so arrogant as to think I know it all, or even 1% of what the scripture teaches.

4:1

Let us therefore fear, (AO PAS SUBJ, UNLIMITED AO, PHOBEO = BEGAN TO FEAR, BEGIN TO FEAR)

lest, a promise being (GEN ABSOLUTE, EPAR-GELEIA + PR PAS PART, KATALEIPO = A PROMISE OF GREAT BLESSING BEING UNCLAIMED OR NEGLECTED)

left [us] of entering into (AO AC INF, EISERCHOMAI = ENTERING INTO SO AS TO POSSESS)

his rest, any of you (TIS + EZ + HUMON = ANYONE FROM AMONG YOU)

should seem (PR AC SUBJ, DOKEO = KEEP ON THINKING SUBJECTIVELY)

to come short of it. (PER AC INF HUSTEREO, INTENSIVE PER = TO FALL SHORT OF SOMETHING, FAIL TO OBTAIN A GOAL, BE BELOW STANDARD, DEFAULT)

4:2

For (ADJUNCTIVE USE OF KAI = ALSO)

[unto us] was the gospel preached, (PER PERIPHRASTIC, PR AC IND, EIMI + PER PAS PART, EUAGGELIZO WE HAVE BEEN EVANGELIZED)

as well as unto them: (ADVERB, KATHAPER + KAKEINOS = EVEN AS THEY ALSO)

but the word preached (GEN OF DESCRIPTION, AKOE = OF HEARING the message)

did not profit (AO AC IND, OPRELEO, CONSTATIVE AO + ME = NEVER PROFITED OR BENEFITED)

them, not being mixed (PER PAS PART, SUGKERANNUMAI, ITERATIVE PER = TO MIX TOGETHER, BLEND)

with faith (INST SG, PISTIS + HO = BY THE FAITH)

in them that heard [it]. (DAT PL, AO AC PART, AKOUO = IN THOSE THAT HEARD)

4:3

For we which have believed (AO AC PART, PISTEUO, CONSTATIVE AO = HAVING BELIEVED)

do enter (PR MID IND, CUSTOMARY PR, EISERCHOMAI = ENTER INTO SO AS TO POSSESS)

into rest, (PREPOSITION, EIS + KATAPAUSIS, ACC SG = REST ACCORDING TO THE STANDARD OF)

as he said, (ADVERB, KATHOS + PER AC IND, LEGO = AS HE HAS PERFECTLY COMMUNICATED)

As (HOS, COMPARATIVE PARTICLE = IN KEEPING WITH THE FACTS, IN CONCLUSION)

I have sworn (AO AC IND, OMNUMI, GNOMIC AO = I HAVE ABSOLUTELY MADE AN OATH)

in my wrath, (EN + LOCATIVE, ORGE = IN THE SPHERE OF MY DISGUST)

if (ILLIPTICAL EAN = "I AM NOT GOD IF THEY ENTER INTO MY REST" manipulates the text)

they shall enter (FUT AC IND, EISERCHOMAI = SHALL ENTER SO AS TO POSSESS)

into my rest: although (COMPOUND CONJUNCTION, KAITOI = AND YET)

the works (GEN PL, ERGON = THE WORKS)

were finished from the foundation (PREPOSITION, APO + KATABOLE FROM THE ULTIMATE SOURCE OF THE FOUNDATION)

of the world.

4:4

For he spake (PER AC IND, LEGO = COMMUNICATED, SAID SO THAT IT STANDS)

in a certain place (INCLUDIC INDEFINITE PARTICLE, POU = SOMEWHERE. refers to GENESIS 2.2)

of the seventh [day] (PERI + EBDONOS = CONCERNING THE SEVENTH DAY)

on this wise, And God did rest (AO AC IND, KATAPAUO = REST OR STOP ALL WORK ACCORDING TO THE STANDARD)

the seventh day from all his works. (PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE, APO + GEN, ERGON = FROM THE ULTIMATE SOURCE OF HIS PRODUCTION)

4:5

And in this [place] again, If they shall enter (ILLIPTICAL, EAN + FUT AC IND, EISERCHOMAI = I AM NOT GOD IF THEY SHALL ENTER INTO)

into my rest. (PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE, EIS + KATAPAUSIS = INTO MY REST)

4:6

Seeing therefore it remaineth (EPEI, CONJUNCTION + PR PAS IND, APOLEIPO = SINCE IT IS LEFT OVER)

that some (INDEFINITE PRONOUN, TIS = SOME)

must enter therein, (AO AC INF, EISERCHOMAI = TO ENTER INTO IT)

and they to whom it was first (ADVERB, PROTERON = FIRST ONES)

preached (AO PAS PART, EUAGGELIZO = TO PROCLAIM THE GOOD NEWS)

entered not in because of unbelief: (DIA + ACC, APEITHEIA = BECAUSE OF DISOBEDIENCE, OBSTINACY, REBELLION)

4:7

Again, he limiteth (PR AC IND, HORIZO = TO APPOINT, SET UP LIMITS, DESIGNATE BOUNDARIES)

a certain day, (TINA + HEMERON = A SPECIFIC DAY)

saying (PR AC PART, LEGO = ALWAYS SAYING)

in David, (EN + INST, DAUID = BY MEANS OF DAVID)

To day, (SEMERON = TODAY, THIS DAY)

after so long a time; (META + TO + SOU + TON + CHRONON = AFTER THE ELAPSE OF TIME refers to 400 years)

as it is said, (KATHOS + PER PAS IND, PROLEGO = AS IT HAS BEEN SITED AGAIN)

To day if (PARTICLE, EAN + SUBJ CASE = IF, MAYBE YES, MAYBE NO)

ye will hear (AO AC IND, AKOUO, CONSTATIVE AO = KEPT HEARING)

his voice, (DESCRIPTIVE GEN, PHONE = HIS VOICE)

harden not (PR AC SUBJ, SKLERUNO + ME = STOP HARDENING)

your hearts.

4:8

For if (PARTICLE, EI + AOR CASE = IF, AND IT'S NOT TRUE)

Jesus (HESEUS, TRANSLITERATION OF HEBREW JOSHUA, SEE ACTS 7.45. SHOULD BE TRANSLATED JOSHUA HERE, WHO SUCCEEDED MOSES, AND WHO DID NOT GIVE ISRAEL REST)

had given them rest, (AO AC IND, KATAPAUO, TRANSITIVE USE = HAD CAUSED THEM TO REST)

then (AN, PARTICLE = THEN)

would he not afterward (PERI + ALLES + OUK = CONCERNING ANOTHER NOT then concerning another day he would not be speaking after these things)

have spoken of another day.

4:9

There remaineth (PR PAS IND, APOLETPO = THERE IS something ALWAYS REMAINING)

therefore a rest (SABBATISMOS = SABBATICAL REST)

to the people of God. (DAT SG, LAOS + HO + THEOS, GEN = TO THE PEOPLE OF GOD)

4:10

For he that is entered (AO AC PART, EISERCHOMAI, CONSTATIVE AO = ENTERED INTO)

into his rest, (KATAPAUSIS = RESTING ACCORDING TO THE STANDARD OF)

he also hath ceased from his own works, as God [did] from his.

4:11

Let us (AO AC SUBJ, SPOUDAZO = TO MAKE EVERY EFFORT, BE DILIGENT, MOTIVATED, BEGIN TO BE MOTIVATED ingressive ao)

labour therefore (INFERENTIAL PARTICLE, OUN = IN CONCLUSION, THEREFORE)

to enter into (AO AC INF, EISERCHOMAI = ENTERED INTO)

that rest, (EKEINOS, DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN + KATAPAUSIS = THAT REST)

lest any man (HINA + ME, NEGATIVE PURPOSE CLAUSE = THAT NOT ONE)

fall (AO AC SUBJ, PIPTO, INGRESSIVE AO = BEGINS TO FALL)

after the same example of unbelief. (APEITHEIA = OBSTINACY, REBELLIOUSNESS, DISOBEDIENCE)

4:12

For the word of God (GAR, EXPLANATORY + HO + LOGOS + TOU + THEOU = FOR THE WORD OF GOD)

[is] quick, (PR AC PART, ZAO = KEEPS ON FUNCTIONING IN LIFE)

and powerful, (ENERGEMA = OPERATING POWER)

and sharper (TOMOS, COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVE = MORE CUTTING, SHARPER)

than any two edged sword, (FIVE WEAPONS IN PAUL'S TIME: 1. RUMPHAIA = 8 FOOT LONG SWORD WITH A DOUBLE HANDLE, VERY HEAVY, 2. ZEPHAS = A THRUSTING SWORD WITH A POINT, 3. AKINKAS = A SHOWY SWORD, A BADGE OF RANK USED ONLY TO IMPRESS PEOPLE, 4. DOLAN = A HIDDEN SWORD IN A WHIP OR CANE, 5. MACHAIRA = ROMAN SHORT TWO EDGED SWORD, LIGHTWEIGHT, PERFECTLY BALANCED, SHARP POINT, TWO SHARP EDGES. WITH THIS SWORD ROME CONQUERED THE WORLD. THE BIBLE IS CALLED A MACHAIRA IN THIS TEXT.)

piercing even to the dividing asunder (ACHRI + MERISMOS = PENETRATING SO AS TO SEPARATE)

of soul and spirit, and of the joints and marrow, (ARMOS + MUELOS = JOINTS AND MARROW)

and [is] a discerner (KRITIKOS = JUDGE, CRITIC)

of the thoughts (GEN PL, ENTHUMEISIS = FUNCTION OF THINKING, THOUGHTS)

and intents (ENNOIA, GEN PL = MOTIVATION FORMED BY THOUGHT)

of the heart.

4:13

Neither (KAI = AND)

is there [any] creature (KTISIS = CREATED BEING)

that is not (PR AC IND, EIMI + OUK = THERE IS ABSOLUTELY NOT)

manifest (APHANES = INVISIBLE, HIDDEN)

in his sight: but all things (NOM NEUTER PL, PAS = ALL THINGS)

[are] naked (GUMNOS, NOM NEUTER PL = NAKED, STRIPPED)

and opened (PER PAS PART, TRACHELIZO, WARFARE TERM = TO BEND BACK THE HEAD SO AS TO EXPOSE THE THROAT, EXPOSE THE TARGET)

unto the eyes (ANTHROPOMORPHISM ONLY, AS GOD HAS NO LOCALIZED EYES)

of him with whom (PROS + ACC CASE = FACE TO FACE WITH WHOM)

we have to do. (LOGOS = OUR WORD, ACCOUNT, DOCTRINE)

4:14

Seeing (PARTICLE, OUN = SINCE, IN CONCLUSION)

then that we have (PR AC PART, ECHO = HAVING AND HOLDING)

a great (MEGAS = GREAT, UNIQUE)

high priest, (ACC, ARCHIEREUS = CHIEF PRIEST, HIGH PRIEST)

that is passed into (PER AC PART, DIERCHOMAI = HAVING PASSED INTO WITH CONTINUING RESULTS)

the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast (KRATEO, PR AC SUBJ = SEIZE, CONTINUE TO TAKE, HOLD FAST)

[our] profession. (HOMOLOGEIA, OBJECTIVE GEN = OUR ACKNOWLEDGEMENT, CITING)

4:15

For we have not (PR AC IND, ECHO + OUK = WE KEEP ON NOT HAVING OR HOLDING)

an high priest which cannot (DUNAMAI, PR AC PART + ME = UNABLE, CANNOT, HAVE NOT THE INHERENT ABILITY)

be touched (AO AC INF, SUMPATHEO = SUFFER WITH, SYMPATHIZE WITH)

[with the feeling of] our infirmities; (ASTHENIA = WEAKNESSES)

but was in all points (KATA + ACC, PAS = IN ALL THINGS)

tempted (PER PAS PART, PEIRAZO = BEING PUT TO THE TEST TO DETERMINE THE QUALITY OF)

like as [we are, yet] (KATA + ACC, HOMOIOTES = IN QUITE THE SAME WAY)

without sin. (ADVERB, CHORIS + HAMARTIA APART FROM SIN)

4:16

Let us therefore come (PR MID SUBJ, PROSERCHOMAI = HABITUALLY COME FACE TO FACE WITH)

boldly (PREPOSITION, META + GEN, PARREISIA = WITH CONFIDENCE)

unto the throne of grace, that we may obtain (AO AC SUBJ, LAMBANO = MAY RECEIVE)

mercy, (ELEOS = MERCY)

and find (AO AC SUBJ, HEURISKO = MAY DISCOVER)

grace to help in time of need.

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