HEBREWS CHAPTER EIGHT
INTRODUCTION TO THIS STUDY

The purpose of this study work is to give you the original Greek language words and definitions for all the key words in this selected Bible text. This work does not make any effort to interpret the text in question, though some interpretation may occur naturally as a result of the study. The English translation used is the King James (Authorized) Version, not because it is the best translation available, but because I just plain prefer it for study!

All Scripture text will be presented in normal cased lettering, and all notes within the text will be in TRUE TYPE FONT, as shown. This (I hope) will allow you to avoid confusion between God's Word and my notes. As I update this website, I will continue to embellish the text so that anyone using NETSCAPE or MSIE 3.0 or higher will be able to read the document easier. Greek tenses are abbreviated as follows:

• GREEK TENSES:
• PR= Present Tense: Shows action in present time. When used with Active Voice, and Indicative Mood, often shows linear or continuing action.
• AO= Aorist Tense : Simple, undefined action. The time of the action is undefined, except in the indicative mood.
• FUT= Future Tense : Shows action of the verb as defined in the future.
• PER= Perfect Tense: The action was completed in the past, but has lasting and continuing results into the future.
• IMP= Imperfect Tense: Used only in the indicative mood, and refers to continuous or linear action in past time. As in "I was having".
• PLPF= Pluperfect Tense: The action was completed in the past, with continuing results in the past.
• GREEK CASES:
• GEN= Genitive Case: Usually indicates possession, though it can denote source of the action.
• INST = Instrumental Case: Usually denotes action on the object of the verb.
• DAT= Dative Case
• NOM= Nominative Case
• ACC= Accusative
• PL= Plural
• SG= Singular
• GREEK VOICES:
• AC= Active Voice: Action was completed by the subject of the verb.
• PAS= Passive Voice: The subject receives the action of the verb.
• MID= Middle Voice: The subject acts in some way upon itself or to itself.
• GREEK MOODS:
• IND= Indicative Mood : Makes an assertion of fact, and is used with all Greek tenses. Example: they will go, she saw.
• OPT= Optative Mood: Rarely used, it usually expresses a wish or desire.
• IMP= Imperative Mood: A command to do something.
• SUBJ= Subjective Mood: Makes an assertion about which there is some doubt, uncertainty, or indefiniteness.
• OTHER ABBREVIATIONS:
• PART= Participle : A verbal adjective, such as "having gone, receiving the gift".
• ABL= Ablative of source: When something is out of something. Example, The Spirit out of God.
• INF= Infinitive: A verbal noun, examples = to see, to go, to throw.

8:1

[this is] the sum: (PARTICLE DE, TRANSITIONAL USE + KEPHALION = NOW THE MAIN POINT (first words in the text))

We have (PR AC IND, ECHO = KEEPS ON HAVING AND HOLDING)

such an high priest, (ARCHIEREUS, RULING PRIEST, HIGH PRIEST)

who (RELATIVE PRONOUN, HOS = WHO)

is set (AO AC IND, KATHIZO = HAS SAT DOWN)

on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty (DESCRIPTIVE GEN, MEGALOSUNE = OF THE MAJESTY. refers to the total glorification of Christ)

in the heavens;

8:2

of the sanctuary, (GEN PL, HAGIOS, DESCRIPTIVE GEN = SET APART PLACES, HOLY PLACES)

and of the true (ALETHINOS = GENUINE, REAL. the tabernacle was a shadow of the true tabernacle, heaven)

tabernacle, (DESCRIPTIVE GEN SG, SKENE = A LARGE TENT)

which (ACC FEM SG RELATIVE PRONOUN, HOS = WHICH)

the Lord (HO + KURIOS = THE LORD Jesus Christ)

pitched, (AO AC IND, PEGNUMI, SEE ISAIAH 42.5 refers to the creative activity of God = TO FIX, PUT TOGETHER, BUILD, PITCH A TENT originally; constative aorist, Christ made or created heaven, SEE JOHN 1.3; HEBREWS 1.10; COLOSSIANS 1.16)

and not man. (OUK + ANTHROPOS = ABSOLUTELY NOT made by MANKIND)

THE SUBJECT OF CHAPTER EIGHT, THE SUPERIORITY OF CHRIST AS HIGH PRIEST.

1. SUPERIORITY OF CHRIST BECAUSE OF HIS HEAVENLY MINISTRY, VS 1-5;

2. THE BETTER MINISTRY OF CHRIST, VS 6;

3. A NEW COVENANT MINISTRY FROM CHRIST, VS 7-13

8:3

every high priest (PAS + ARCHIEREUS = EVERY OR ALL Levitical HIGH PRIEST)

is ordained (PR PAS IND, KATHISTEMI, ITERATIVE PR = APPOINTED OR ORDAINED OVER AND ABOVE)

to offer (PR AC INF, PROSPHERO, CUSTOMARY PR + EIS = KEEP ON OFFERING ANIMAL SACRIFICES)

gifts and sacrifices: (DORON + THUSIA, ACC = FOOD OFFERINGS and ANIMAL SACRIFICES)

wherefore (HOTHEN, ADVERB = FOR WHICH REASON, THEREFORE)

[it is] of necessity that this man (ACC MASCULINE SG DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN, HOUTOS = THIS ONE!)

have (PR AC INF, ECHO, AORIC PR = ALSO HAVE AND HOLD)

somewhat (TIS, INDEFINITE PRONOUN = SOMETHING)

also to offer. (NOM SG NEUTER RELATIVE PRONOUN, HOS + AO AC SUBJ, PROSPHERO = THAT HE MIGHT OFFER)

8:4

if (EI + IMPER TENSE = IF, AND IT'S NOT TRUE)

he were (IMPER AC IND, EIMI = HE WERE)

on earth, (EPI + GEN, GE = ON THE EARTH)

he should not be (OUDE, NEGATIVE CONJUNCTION + PARTICLE, OU + IMPER AC IND, EIMI = HE WOULD NOT EVEN BE)

[a priest], seeing that there are (PR AC IND, EIMI = KEEP ON BEING)

priests that offer (PR AC PART, PROSPHERO, DESCRIPTIVE GEN = TO OFFER SACRIFICES, OFFERING)

gifts according to the law: (PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE, KATA + ACC, NOMOS = ACCORDING TO THE STANDARD OF THE LAW)

8:5

serve (PR AC IND, LATREUO = PERFORMING OF WORSHIP SERVICE)

unto the example (DAT SG, HUPODEIGMA, DAT OF INDIRECT OBJECT = AS A MODEL OR A PATTERN)

and shadow (DAT SG, SKIA = A SHADOW IN CONTRAST TO REALITY)

of heavenly things, (DESCRIPTIVE GEN PL, EPOURANTOS + HO = OF THE HEAVENLY THINGS)

as (ADVERB, KATHOS, CAUSAL USE = SINCE)

Moses was admonished (PER PAS IND, CHREMATIZO = TO RECEIVE INSTRUCTION, HAD RECEIVED INSTRUCTION)

[of God] when he was about to (PR AC IND, MELLO = TO BE ABOUT TO BE, WHEN HE WAS ABOUT TO)

make (PR AC INF, EPITELEO = TO BE COMPLETE THROUGH CONSTRUCTION)

the tabernacle: for, (EXPLANATORY USE OF GAR = FOR)

See, (PR AC IMP, HORAO = TO HAVE A PANORAMIC VIEW, TO UNDERSTAND, TAKE NOTE OF)

saith (PR AC IND, PHEMI, AORIC PR = HE SAYS)

he, [that] thou make (FUT AC IND, POIEO = you SHALL MAKE)

all things (Refers to three chapters EXODUS 25, 26, 27, where directions were given for making the tabernacle)

according to the pattern (KATA + ACC, TUPOS = ACCORDING TO THE BLUEPRINT OR PLANS)

shewed (AO PAS PART, DEIKNUMI = HAVING BEEN EXPLAINED)

to thee in the mount. (EN + LOCATIVE, OROS = ON THE MOUNTAIN, refers to mount Sinai, see EXODUS 19.1-6. QUOTATION FROM EXODUS 25.40)

8:6

now (ADVERB, NUN = NOW in the Church Age)

hath he obtained (PER AC IND TUGCHANO, INTENSIVE PER = HAS OBTAINED IN THE PAST WITH THE RESULT THAT HE ALWAYS POSSESSES)

a more excellent (GEN SG, COMPARATIVE, DIAPHOROS = MORE EXCELLENT OR OUTSTANDING)

ministry, (GEN SG, LEITOURGIA = A PRIESTLY SERVICE OR MINISTRY)

by how much (INST SG NEUTER OF A CORRELATIVE RELATIVE PRONOUN, HOSOS = [1] When used for space and time = AS LONG AS, [2] When used for quantity and number = AS MANY AS; [3] When used for measure and degree = AS MUCH AS; [4] Used here = BY AS MUCH AS)

also (ADJUNCTIVE KAI = ALSO, EVEN) he is (PR AC IND, EIMI, STATIC PR = KEEPS ON BEING)

the mediator (PREDICATE NOMINATIVE, MESITES = MEDIATOR, REFEREE)

of a better covenant, (GEN SG, KREITTON, COMPARATIVE OF AGATHOS + GEN SG, DIATHEKE = BETTER COVENANT OR TESTAMENT. Refers to the New Covenant found in JEREMIAH 31.31-34. The Old Covenant was the Mosaic Law, and was temporary)

which (NOM FEMININE SG, HOSTIS = WHICH CATEGORY OF)

was established (PER PAS IND, NOMOTHETEO = TO BE LEGALLY ENACTED, LEGISLATED, ORDAINED, HAS BEEN ORDAINED)

upon better promises. (PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE, EPI + LOCATIVE, KREITTON, COMPARATIVE + EPAGGELIA = ON BETTER PROMISES from God)

8:7

if (CONDITIONAL PARTICLE, EAN + IMPER TENSE = IF, AND IT'S NOT TRUE)

that (EKEINOS = THAT)

first (PROTE = FIRST)

[covenant] had been (IMPER AC IND, EIMI = HAD EVER BEEN)

faultless, (COMPOUND ADJECTIVE, AMEMPTOS = BLAMELESS, FAULTLESS)

then should no (OBJECTIVE NEGATIVE, OUK = ABSOLUTELY NOT)

place (TOPOS = PLACE)

have been sought (IMPER PAS IND, ZETEO, PROGRESSIVE IMPER = A PLACE WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN SOUGHT)

for the second. (DEUTEROS, OBJECTIVE GEN = FOR THE SECOND refers to the New Covenant)

8:8

finding fault (PR MID PART, MEMPHOMAI = WHEN ALWAYS FINDING FAULT)

with them, (ACC PL, AUTOS = WITH THEM)

he saith, (PR AC IND, LEGO = HE SAYS)

Behold, (DEMONSTRATIVE PARTICLE, IDOU, AO MID IMP = UNDERSTAND, LOOK, SEE, BEHOLD)

the days (NOM PL, HEMERA = DAYS)

come, (PR AC IND, ERCHOMAI, FUTURISTIC PR = SHALL OR WILL COME)

saith the Lord, when (EMPHATIC USE OF KAI = REALLY, CERTAINLY)

will make (FUT AC IND, SUNTELEO = TO CARRY OUT, FULFILL, COMPLETE A PROJECT)

a new (KAINOS = NEW IN SPECIE, NEW IN CONTRAST TO THE OLD)

covenant with the house (EPI + ACC, OIKOS = TO THE HOUSE)

of Israel and with the house of Judah: (<- SEE JEREMIAH 31.31-34)

8:9

that I made (AO AC IND, POIEO, CONSTATIVE AO = MADE ONCE AND FOR ALL)

with their fathers in the day (EN + LOCATIVE, HEMERA = IN THE DAY refers to the time of the Exodus)

when I took (AO MID PART, EPILAMBANO, CULMINATIVE AO = I TOOK them)

them (GEN SG, PERSONAL PRONOUN, GENITIVE ABSOLUTE = THEM)

by the hand to lead them out (AO AC INF, EXZAGO = TO BRING THEM OUT, LIBERATE THEM)

of the land of Egypt; because (CONJUNCTIVE, HOTI = BECAUSE)

they continued not (AO AC IND, EMMENO + OUK = ABSOLUTELY DID NOT REMAIN, CONTINUE, PERSEVERE IN)

in my covenant, and I regarded them not, (AO AC IND, AMELEO = DISREGARDED them)

saith the Lord.

8:10

this (is] the covenant that I will make (FUT MID IND, DIATITHEMI, GNOMIC FUTURE = SHALL DECREE, ORDAIN, ASSIGN)

with the house of Israel after those days, (META + ACC, HEMERA + EKEINOS, DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN = AFTER THOSE DAYS PREVIOUSLY MENTIONED)

saith the Lord; I will put (PR AC PART, DIDOMI, CAUSAL PARTICIPLE = WILL CAUSE TO GIVE)

my laws (ACC PL, NOMOS = LAWS, PRINCIPLES)

into their mind, (EIS + ACC, DIANOIA = FOR THE PURPOSE OF THEIR THINKING, PERCEPTION)

and (ASCENSIVE, KAI = EVEN)

write them (refers to the doctrines or principles mentioned earlier)

in their hearts: (EPI + ACC PL, KARDIA = UPON THEIR HEARTS)

and I will be (FUT AC IND, EIMI = WILL BE)

to them a God, (EIS + ACC, THEOS = THEIR GOD, FOR A GOD idiomatic)

and they shall be to me a people:

8:11

they shall not teach (AO AC SUBJ, DIDASKO + OUME, DOUBLE NEGATIVE = ABSOLUTELY NOT EVER TEACH)

every man his neighbour, (POLITES = FELLOW CITIZEN)

and every man his brother, (ADELPHOS BROTHER, INTIMATE FRIEND)

saying, Know (AO AC IMP, GINOSKO = KNOW EXPERIENTIALLY)

the Lord: for (HOTI = BECAUSE)

all shall know (PER AC IND, OIDA, PER TENSE USED AS FUT TENSE = SHALL KNOW)

me, from the least (APO + ABL, NIKROS = FROM THE LITTLEST OR LEAST IN RANK)

to the greatest.

8:12

I will be merciful (PREDICATE NOM, GILEOS = GRACIOUS)

to their unrighteousness, (LOCATIVE, ADIKIA = IN THE SPHERE OF THEIR UNRIGHTEOUSNESS)

and their sins [and their iniquities] will I remember no more. (OUME + AO PAS SUBJ, MIMNESKO = WILL ABSOLUTELY NOT EVER REMEMBER ANYMORE)

8:13

[covenant], he hath made (PER, PALAIOO = TO MAKE OBSOLETE)

the first old. Now that which decayeth (PR, PALAIOO = MAKING OBSOLETE)

and waxeth old [is] ready to vanish away. (ADVERB, EGGUS, HISTORICAL ADVERB OF PROPHECY + APHANISMOS = NEAR TOTAL DESTRUCTION)

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