1 TIMOTHY CHAPTER TWO
INTRODUCTION TO THIS STUDY

The purpose of this study work is to give you the original Greek language words and definitions for all the key words in this selected Bible text. This work does not make any effort to interpret the text in question, though some interpretation may occur naturally as a result of the study. The English translation used is the King James (Authorized) Version, not because it is the best translation available, but because I just plain prefer it for study!

All Scripture text will be presented in normal cased lettering, and all notes within the text will be in TRUE TYPE FONT, as shown. This (I hope) will allow you to avoid confusion between God's Word and my notes. As I update this website, I will continue to embellish the text so that anyone using NETSCAPE or MSIE 3.0 or higher will be able to read the document easier. Greek tenses are abbreviated as follows:

• GREEK TENSES:
• PR= Present Tense: Shows action in present time. When used with Active Voice, and Indicative Mood, often shows linear or continuing action.
• AO= Aorist Tense : Simple, undefined action. The time of the action is undefined, except in the indicative mood.
• FUT= Future Tense : Shows action of the verb as defined in the future.
• PER= Perfect Tense: The action was completed in the past, but has lasting and continuing results into the future.
• IMP= Imperfect Tense: Used only in the indicative mood, and refers to continuous or linear action in past time. As in "I was having".
• PLPF= Pluperfect Tense: The action was completed in the past, with continuing results in the past.
• GREEK CASES:
• GEN= Genitive Case: Usually indicates possession, though it can denote source of the action.
• INST = Instrumental Case: Usually denotes action on the object of the verb.
• DAT= Dative Case
• NOM= Nominative Case
• ACC= Accusative
• PL= Plural
• SG= Singular
• GREEK VOICES:
• AC= Active Voice: Action was completed by the subject of the verb.
• PAS= Passive Voice: The subject receives the action of the verb.
• MID= Middle Voice: The subject acts in some way upon itself or to itself.
• GREEK MOODS:
• IND= Indicative Mood : Makes an assertion of fact, and is used with all Greek tenses. Example: they will go, she saw.
• OPT= Optative Mood: Rarely used, it usually expresses a wish or desire.
• IMP= Imperative Mood: A command to do something.
• SUBJ= Subjective Mood: Makes an assertion about which there is some doubt, uncertainty, or indefiniteness.
• OTHER ABBREVIATIONS:
• PART= Participle : A verbal adjective, such as "having gone, receiving the gift".
• ABL= Ablative of source: When something is out of something. Example, The Spirit out of God.
• INF= Infinitive: A verbal noun, examples = to see, to go, to throw.

1 Timothy 2:1

I exhort (Pr Ac Ind PARAKALEO, iterative Pr = I repeatedly command you)

therefore, that, first of all, supplications, (Accus Pl DEESIS = prayers for personal needs of self and others)

prayers, (Accus Pl PROSEUCHE = general prayer)

intercessions, and giving of thanks, (Accus Pl EUCHARISTA = giving thanks, being thankful)

be made for all men;

1 Timothy 2:2

For kings, (HUPER + Abl BASILEIOS = on behalf of governmental rulers)

and for all that are in (Pr Ac Part EIMI = keep on being in)

authority; (EN + HUPEROCHE = in authority. Those who are in bureaucratic positions)

that we may lead a quiet (Accus Sg HEREMANOS = tranquility, peacefulness, outer tranquil)

and peaceable (Accus Sg HESUCHIOS = inner tranquility, tranquility of soul)

life (BIOSLACIUS = pattern of life)

in all godliness (EN + Loc PAS + Loc EUSEBEIA = in all living sanctification, godliness)

and honesty. (SEMNOTES = dignity, integrity)

1 Timothy 2:3

For this (HOUTOS = this [prayer for government])

is good (KALOS adj = honorable, noble)

and acceptable in the sight (ENOPION = in the opinion of, in the reckoning of)

of God our Saviour;

1 Timothy 2:4

Who will (THELLO, Pr Ac Ind = keeps on desiring, keeps on willing)

have all men (masc accus pl PAS + ANTHROPOS = all mankind, everyone)

to be saved, (Ao Pas Infin SOZO = to receive salvation)

and to come (ERCHOMAI Ao Ac Inf = to go)

unto the knowledge (EIS + accus sg EPIGNOSIS = to the full knowledge)

of the truth. (ALETHEIA Gen Sg = of the truth [of God's Word])

1 Timothy 2:5

For there is one God, (HEIS THEOS = one and only one God. Refers to God's unique essence)

and one mediator (HEIS KAI MESITES = one and only one mediator, arbitrator, umpire)

between God and men, (abl THEOS + abl ANTHROPOS = between God and mankind)

the man (ANTHROPOS without definite article, emphasizes uniqueness of Christ = the unique Man)

Christ Jesus;

1 Timothy 2:6

Who gave himself a ransom (accus sg ANTILUTRON = redemptive ransom)

for all, (HUPER + abl pl PAS = on behalf of all)

to be testified (accus absolute noun MARTURION + definite article = His testimony)

in due time. (KAIROS IDIOS loc pl = in His own times or dispensation)
 
 

Related Doctrines : Doctrine of Redemption 1. The Greek and Hebrew words for redemption: a. ANTILUTRON (Greek compound)  = on behalf of money. Came to mean money given by a servant in order to secure his freedom. b. APOLUTROSIS (Greek compound) = deliverance by money. Came to mean deliverance from a slave market by supplying a purchase price. c. LUTRON (Greek noun) = Payment of a ransom. d. LUTROO (Greek verb) = To release from captivity because of payment. e. LUTROSIS (Greek noun) = redemption. f. LUTROTES (Greek noun) = A redeemer, deliverer, one who pays a ransom. g. EXZAGORAZO (Greek verb) = To buy or purchase the freedom of a slave. h. GAAL (or) PADAH (Hebrew verb) = To purchase from a slave market. 2. Redemption is the work that Jesus Christ did for us on the Cross. We are all born with sinful natures, lost and without hope of saving ourselves. Jesus paid the price for our freedom from sin (Eph 1.7; Col 1.14) 3. Jesus is the only qualified Redeemer: Isa 53.9; John 8.46; 19.4; 2 Cor 5.21; Heb 1.3; 4.15; 7.26-28; 1 Tim 3.16; 1 Pet 1.18-19 4. Jesus willingly paid this price for us: Lu 22.42; Rom 5.19; Phil 2.8 5. Redemption was taught in the Old Testament through the Levitical sacrifices: Heb 9.22; Job 19.25-26 6. The blood of Christ was the purchase price for our redemption: Eph 1.7; Col 1.14; 1 Pet 1.18-19; 2 Cor 5.21; 1 Pet 2.24 7. The soul of the believer is saved by redemption: Psa 34.22 8. Redemption removed the condemnation of the Mosaic Law: Gal 3.10, 13; Deu 21.23; Hab 2.4 9. Redemption results in: a. Cancellation of our sins: Isa 44.22; Eph 1.7; Col 1.14; Heb 9.15 b. We are justified: Rom 3.24 c. We are sanctified: Eph 5.25-27 d. We receive a eternal inheritance: Heb 9.15 e. Eventually a glorified body: Eph 1.14; Ro 8.23; Eph 4.30

1 Timothy 2:7

Whereunto (EIS + accus sg HOS = into which [dispensation])

I am ordained (Ao Pas Ind TITHEMI + proleptic pro EGO = I have been appointed)

a preacher, (KERUXZ = royal herald, one close to the King who communicates his policies)

and an apostle, (APOSTOLOS = apostle, messenger)

(I speak (Pr Ac Ind LEGO = I am speaking)

the truth in Christ, and lie not;) (Pr Mid Ind PSEUDO + OUK = I never lie!)

a teacher (Pred Nom Sg DIDASKALOS = I am a teacher)

of the Gentiles in faith (EN + loc sg PISTIS = in what is believed, in doctrinal truth)

and verity. (ALETHEIA = truth)

1 Timothy 2:8

I will therefore (Pr Ac Ind BOULOMAI + OUN = therefore I direct or order)

that men pray (Pr Ac Inf PROSEUCHOMAI = keep praying)

every where, lifting up holy hands, (accus pl HOSIOS + CHEIR = hands pleasing to God. A reference to a believer in fellowship praying)

without wrath (adv CHORIS + ORGE Gen = apart from anger)

and doubting. (DIALOGISMOS = thoughts in dispute, vain or empty reasoning)

1 Timothy 2:9

In like manner (HOSAUTOS adv = likewise, along the same lines)

also, that women adorn (KOSMEO Pr Ac Inf = to decorate, adorn, make beautiful or attractive)

themselves in modest apparel, (EN + instrumental adj KOSMIOS + KATASTOLE = by means of respectable or well arranged clothing)

with shamefacedness (META + Gen Sg AIDOS = with modesty)

and sobriety; (Gen Sg SOPHROSUNE = stability, inner peacefulness)

not with broided hair, (EN + PLEGMA instrumental = high fashion hair styling)

or gold, (CHRUSION = gold jewelry)

or pearls, or costly array; [1 Peter 3.1-6; Heb 5.13-14]

1 Timothy 2:10

But (which becometh (PREPEI, impersonal verb = fitting)

women professing godliness) (THEOSEBEIA accus sg = to be occupied with God. A reference to mature Christian women)

with good works. (DIA + Gen ERGON AGATHON = through intrinsically good works, works that reflect a Christ centered heart)

1 Timothy 2:11

Let the woman learn (Pr Ac Imperative MANTHANO = keep on learning. The imperative mood makes this a command)

in silence (EN + loc HESUCHIA = in silence, in silent attention)

with all subjection. (EN + PAS instrumental + HUPOTAGE = with subordination to authority)

1 Timothy 2:12

But I suffer not (Pr Ac Ind EPITREPO + OUK = I do not permit, I have never allowed)

a woman to teach, (Pr Ac Inf DIDASKO = to teach authoritatively, to teach a group of people)

nor (OUDE, strongest negative = absolutely not)

to usurp authority (Pr Ac Infin AUTHENTEO = to exercise authority over)

over the man, but to be (EIMI Pr Ac Infin = to keep on being)

in silence. (EN + HESUCHIA = at silent attention [to what is being taught])
 
 

Translators Remarks: Was Paul a male chauvinist? With the rise of feminism in America over the past 40 years, this section of Scripture has often been attacked with the inference that Paul, like many of the men of his day, was a male chauvinist. Many of the Church have jumped on this bandwagon with the result that it is insinuated that this portion of Scripture is only Paul's opinion, not Scripture indeed, and thus to be ignored. One of the things often ignored is that, though salvation in Christ redeems the soul, it in no way effects either Divine design nor Divine imperatives. When Adam fell in the Garden God cursed mankind by saying: Genesis 3:17-19 "And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life; Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field; In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return. " Very few people would admit that the Adamic curse of hard work disappeared after they met Christ as Saviour. We may be happier, yet we work just as hard to make ends meet. Salvation did not wipe out the universal effects of the Adamic curse to man, nor to woman. For God cursed Eve by saying: Genesis 3:16  "Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee." Again, I know of no woman who has had a pain free pregnancy, even with the advances of modern medical science. Salvation does not alleviate this portion of the Adamic curse, nor does it remove God's injunction that the husband will rule over thee. You may ignore this injunction, yet it is just as sure in God's mind as pain in childbearing. God designed men and women to function together as a team, with one head (the husband). Paul recognizes this Divine design in this section of Scripture. As to charges that Paul was chauvinist (a feminist derived term) I refer you to Romans 16, where Paul thanked Phoebe who served with him as a "deaconess" (vs 1-2) while he was at the church of Corinth (she belonged to the church at Cenchrea, located 7 miles from Corinth). He also recognized Priscilla and her husband Aquilla (vs 3-5) who stayed in Ephesus and laid the groundwork for his ministry there (Acts 18.19, 24-28). Several women are noted throughout the chapter, single and married, who were thanked and encouraged to continue in ministry with Paul (Mary - vs 6; Tryphaena and Tryphosa, sisters - vs 12; Persis - vs 12). Women were prominent in Paul's ministry and in the early Church. Some were single, one a wife, one a mother, and all represented by the "chauvinist" Paul as performing valuable service for the Lord. His relationship to them and appreciation for them makes suspect the verdict of those who would label him a misogynist on the basis of this passage or 1 Corinthians 14.34.

1 Timothy 2:13

For Adam was first formed, (PROTOS + Ao Ac Ind PLASSO = was first molded, first created)

then Eve.

1 Timothy 2:14

And Adam was not (OUK = absolutely was not)

deceived, (Ao Pas Ind APATAO = deceived. Adam understood the consequences of his action, Eve did not)

but the woman (GUNE HO = that woman)

being deceived (Ao Pas Part EXZAPATAO = being completely deceived from an outside source [Satan])

was in (Per Ac Ind GINOMAI = came to be with the result that she remained)

the transgression.

1 Timothy 2:15

Notwithstanding (DE emphatic use = in fact)

she shall be saved (Fut Pas Ind SOZO = shall be delivered)

in childbearing, (DIA + Gen TEKOGONIA = through child bearing)

if they continue (Ao Ac Subj MENO = remain, stay in, persist in)

in faith (EN + locative PISTIS = in what is believed, in Scriptural truth)

and charity (AGAPE loc = in Godly love)

and holiness (HAGIASMOS loc = in sanctification)

with sobriety. (META + Gen SOPHROSUNE = with inner peace, stability)
 
 

Translator's Remarks No Christian man wants to grind women, particularly the woman he loves, under his heel. This is as godless as the opposite extreme where women take charge and control the marriage and the Church. Neither position is condoned by God. As believers we need to be careful that we do not allow the world's view of "political correctness" to cloud God's directives. When Adam followed Eve in sin, rather than being the leader as he was designed to be, humanity fell into a hole that persists to this day. Women should be treated with love and respect. They should vote and have a hand in our society. They should be paid equally for doing the same job as a man does. These are righteous things. Yet, in God's design, man was intended to be the head of the household and the human leader in the offices of the Church. We can ignore this, and follow what we think is logical and right while ignoring God's Word. Or we can cling to the truth, even if we may feel inclined to disagree, and live our lives as God designed. In the end one pursuit will bring happiness and blessing, the other pursuit our own Adamic curse.

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