2 PETER CHAPTER TWO
INTRODUCTION TO THIS STUDY

The purpose of this study work is to give you the original Greek language words and definitions for all the key words in this selected Bible text. This work does not make any effort to interpret the text in question, though some interpretation may occur naturally as a result of the study. The English translation used is the King James (Authorized) Version, not because it is the best translation available, but because I just plain prefer it for study!

All Scripture text will be presented in normal cased lettering, and all notes within the text will be in TRUE TYPE FONT, as shown. This (I hope) will allow you to avoid confusion between God's Word and my notes. As I update this website, I will continue to embellish the text so that anyone using NETSCAPE or MSIE 3.0 or higher will be able to read the document easier. Greek tenses are abbreviated as follows:

• GREEK TENSES:
• PR= Present Tense: Shows action in present time. When used with Active Voice, and Indicative Mood, often shows linear or continuing action.
• AO= Aorist Tense : Simple, undefined action. The time of the action is undefined, except in the indicative mood.
• FUT= Future Tense : Shows action of the verb as defined in the future.
• PER= Perfect Tense: The action was completed in the past, but has lasting and continuing results into the future.
• IMP= Imperfect Tense: Used only in the indicative mood, and refers to continuous or linear action in past time. As in "I was having".
• PLPF= Pluperfect Tense: The action was completed in the past, with continuing results in the past.
• GREEK CASES:
• GEN= Genitive Case: Usually indicates possession, though it can denote source of the action.
• INST = Instrumental Case: Usually denotes action on the object of the verb.
• DAT= Dative Case
• NOM= Nominative Case
• ACC= Accusative
• PL= Plural
• SG= Singular
• GREEK VOICES:
• AC= Active Voice: Action was completed by the subject of the verb.
• PAS= Passive Voice: The subject receives the action of the verb.
• MID= Middle Voice: The subject acts in some way upon itself or to itself.
• GREEK MOODS:
• IND= Indicative Mood : Makes an assertion of fact, and is used with all Greek tenses. Example: they will go, she saw.
• OPT= Optative Mood: Rarely used, it usually expresses a wish or desire.
• IMP= Imperative Mood: A command to do something.
• SUBJ= Subjective Mood: Makes an assertion about which there is some doubt, uncertainty, or indefiniteness.
• OTHER ABBREVIATIONS:
• PART= Participle : A verbal adjective, such as "having gone, receiving the gift".
• ABL= Ablative of source: When something is out of something. Example, The Spirit out of God.
• INF= Infinitive: A verbal noun, examples = to see, to go, to throw.

But there were (GINOMAI, Ao Mid Ind = there came to be, came into existence)

false prophets also among the people, even as there shall be (EIMI, Fut Ac Ind, statement of fact = there absolutely shall be)

false teachers among you, who privily shall bring in (PAREISAGO, Fut Ac Ind = shall bring in in secrecy or subtly)

damnable (APOLEIA, Gen Sg = destructive, soul damning)

heresies, (HAIRESIS = factions, discords, false doctrines)

even denying (ARNEOMAI, Pr Mid Part = denying, renouncing, contradicting)

the Lord (DESPOTES = absolute Lord. Christ is God)

that bought them, and bring upon (EPAGO, Pr Ac Part = continually bring upon themselves)

themselves swift destruction. (TACHINOS APOLEIS = speedy damnation to their souls)

2 Peter 2:2

And many shall follow (EZAKOLOUTHEO, Fut Ac Ind = shall imitate, obey, follow the principles of)

their pernicious (ASELGEIA= debauchery, excessively emotional or sensuous)

ways; by reason of whom (DIA + accus = because of whom)

the way of truth shall be evil spoken of. (BLASPHEMEO, Fut Pas Ind = shall be maligned, shall receive blasphemy)

2 Peter 2:3

And through (EN + locative = in the sphere of covetousness)

covetousness (PLEONEZIA = covetous desires)

shall they with feigned (PLASTOS, where we get "plastic" = molded, designed to suit a purpose, to deceive through fakery)

words make merchandise (EMPOREUOMAI, Fut Mid Ind = shall be conned, deceived, sold out)

of you: whose judgment now of a long time lingereth not, and their damnation slumbereth not.

2 Peter 2:4

For if God spared not (Ao Mid Ind PHEIDOMAI + Neg = not to spare, deliver, or preserve)

the angels that sinned, but cast them down to hell, and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be reserved unto judgment;

2 Peter 2:5

And spared not (Ao Mid Ind PHEIDOMAI + Neg = not to spare, deliver, or preserve)

the old world, (Refers to the antediluvian world)

but saved (PHULASSO, Ao Ac Ind = guarded, delivered. God protected the believers from harm)

Noah (Lived 600 years before the flood, 350 years after the flood. He began preaching 120 years prior to the Flood)

the eighth person, a preacher (KERUZ = proclaimer, messenger)

of righteousness, bringing in (EPAGO, Ao Ac Part = having brought upon)

the flood upon the world of the ungodly;
 

2 Peter 2:6

And turning the cities of Sodom and Gomorra (Twin capital cities of Canaan)

into ashes (TEPHROO, Ao Ac Part = having turned into or reduced to ashes)

condemned (KATAKRINO = to curse or judge according to a standard. They failed to follow God's standards, and were destroyed)

them with an overthrow, (KATASTROPHE = catastrophe, total destruction)

making (TITHEMI, Per Ac Part = having appointed them as)

them an ensample unto those that after should (Mello, Pr Ac Part = those about to be)

live ungodly; (ASEBO, unrighteous)

2 Peter 2:7

And delivered (RUOMAI, Ao Mid Ind = to deliver from drowning, rescue someone who is helpless)

just (DIAKAIO = justified. Lot was saved)

Lot, vexed (Pr Pas Part KATAPONEO = to be exhausted by, labor, suffering, pressure. To be overpowered)

with the filthy (EN + Locative ASELGEIA = in the sphere of the lasciviousness of)

conversation (ANASTROPHE = behavior pattern, way of life)

of the wicked: (Prepositional Phrase HUPO + TES + TON + APHESMON = under the authority of the lawless. Lot's government was evil)

2 Peter 2:8

(For that righteous man dwelling (Pr Ac Part Triple Compound verb EGKATOIKEO = to be at home, perfectly relaxed among continually. Lot allowed his world to influence him, rather than influencing his world)

among them, in seeing and hearing, vexed (BASANIZO Imperf Ac Ind = tortured)

his righteous soul from day to day with their unlawful deeds;)

2 Peter 2:9

The Lord knoweth how to deliver (Pr Mid Infin RUOMAI = deliver, save)

the godly out of temptations, (EK + PERASMOS = out from calamity, disaster)

and to reserve (TEREO Pr Ac Infin = to guard for a future time. God reserves judgment for the unbeliever)

the unjust unto the day of judgment to be punished: (Pr Pas Part KOLAZO = to receive extremely painful punishment)

2 Peter 2:10

But chiefly them that walk (PORUOMAI Pr Ac Part = to go from one place to another, hop back and forth. Emphasizes the instability of following the world)

after (OPISO = behind, in the sense of following)

the flesh in the lust (EN _ Locative EPITHUMIA = in the sphere of lust)

of uncleanness, (MIASMOS Locative = the sphere of pollution, defilement, corruption, depravity)

and despise (Pr Ac Part KATAPHRONEO = always despise or look down on. Emphasizes a rebellious attitude)

government. (KURIOTES = a Divinely established government)

Presumptuous (TOLMETES = to be egotistical, brash, bold in the wrong way)

are they, self-willed, (AUTHADES adjective = self gratifying, pleasure seeking)

they are not afraid (Pr Ac Ind TREMO + ME = never tremble)

to speak evil (Pr Ac Part BLASPHEMEO = to malign, blaspheme)

of dignities. (DOZA = glories. Used to describe angelic hosts. See Jude 8, Lu 9.26)
 

2 Peter 2:11

Whereas angels, (AGGELOS = angels. A reference to elect, not fallen angels. See Rev 12.9-10; Job 1.6-11; Zech 3.1-2)

which are (EIMI, Pr Ac Ind = keep on being)

greater in power (ISCHUS = power as an endowment, inherent, or created power)

and might, (DUNAMIS = ability, dynamic power)

bring not (PHERO Pr Ac Ind + ME = never carry)

railing (BLASPHEMOS = maligning, blaspheme)

accusation against them before the Lord.
 

2 Peter 2:12

But these, as natural (ALOGOS = without reason, without sense, stupid in doctrine)

brute (PHUSIKOS = with the instinct of animals)

beasts, made (GENNAO, Perf Pas Part = having been born)

to be taken (ALLOSIS = to be put in chains)

and destroyed, speak evil of the things that they understand not; and shall utterly perish in their own corruption;

2 Peter 2:13

And shall receive the reward of unrighteousness, as they that count it (HEGEOMAI = hold an opinion)

pleasure (HEDONE = sensualism, pleasure seeking)

to riot (TRUPHE = to revel, party)

in the day time. Spots (SPILOS = a filthy stain on your clothes)

they are and blemishes, (MOMOS = a splotch on the skin, acne, blotches or blemishes caused by poor diet)

sporting (ENTRUPHAO = carousing, running wildly about)

themselves with their own deceivings (APOTE = delusions, false beliefs)

while they feast (SUNEUOTHEONAI = to be lavishly entertained)

with you;

2 Peter 2:14

Having (ECHO Pr Ac Part = always having and holding)

eyes full of adultery, and that cannot cease (AKATAPAUSTOS = cannot be restrained)

from sin; beguiling (DELEAZO  Pr Ac Part = always trapping, baiting, enticing, beguiling)

unstable (ASTERIKOS feminine adjective = unsettled or unstable)

souls: an heart they have exercised (GUMNAZO Perf Pas Part = exercised in the past with continuous results into the future)

with covetous practices; (ECHO Pr Ac Part + PLEONAZIA = having an insatiable search for happiness)

cursed children:

2 Peter 2:15

Which have forsaken (KATALEIPO Pr Ac Part = forsake or desert, abandon. Having abandoned)

the right (EUTHES = right, true, straight. Used for Biblical truths forsaken by the false ministers)

way, and are gone astray, (PLANAO, Ao Pas Ind = having been deceived)

following (EZAKOLUTHEO Ao Ac Part = imitating [something false])

the way of Balaam (One of God's Gentile prophets who, in lusting for money, fell out of the will of God)

the son of Bosor, who loved the wages of unrighteousness;

2 Peter 2:16

But was (ECHO Ao Ac Ind = received)

rebuked (ELEGZIS accus sg = very harsh rebuke)

for his iniquity: the dumb ass speaking (PHTHEGGOMAI = to speak down the nose, speak snobbishly)

with man's voice forbad the madness (PARAPHRONIA = beyond the mind, the psychosis)

of the prophet.

2 Peter 2:17

These are wells without water, clouds that are carried with a tempest; to whom the mist of darkness is reserved for ever.

2 Peter 2:18

For when they speak great swelling words of vanity, they allure through the lusts of the flesh, through much wantonness, those that were clean escaped from them who live in error.

2 Peter 2:19

While they promise (EPAGGELO Pr Mid Part = always promising)

them liberty, they themselves are (HUPARCHO Pr Ac Part = keep on existing)

the servants (DOULOS = slaves)

of corruption: for of whom a man (TIS = anyone)

is overcome, (Per Pas Ind HETGAIOMAI = has been defeated)

of the same is he brought in bondage. (DOULOO, Per Pas Ind = enslaved with the result that he is still in bondage)

2 Peter 2:20

For if after they have escaped (Ao Ac Part APOPHEUGO = having barely escaped)

the pollutions (MIASMA = garbage, human excrement)

of the world (KOSMOS = world order)

through the knowledge (EN + instrumental EPIGNOSIS = by means of knowledge, Godly wisdom)

of the Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, they are again entangled (Ao Pas Part EMPLAKO = to be woven into, entangled, involved in)

therein, and overcome, (Pr Pas Ind HETTAOMAI = defeated)

the latter end (TA ESCHATA = the last thing. Where we get "eschatology")

is worse with them than the beginning.

2 Peter 2:21

For it had been (Imper Ac Ind EIMI = it kept on being better)

better for them not to have known (EPIGINOSKO Perf Ac Ind = to have Divine knowledge of)

the way of righteousness, than, after they have known it, to turn from (Ao Ac Infin HUPOSTREPHO = have rejected with the strongest force)

the holy commandment (1 John 3.23. Refers to accepting Christ as Saviour)

delivered (Ao Pas Part PARADIDOMI = having been delivered)

unto them.

2 Peter 2:22

But it is happened (Perf Ac Ind SUMBAINO = has occurred with continuing results)

unto them according to the true proverb, Proverbs 26.11

The dog (KUON = dog. A reference to an unregenerate person, unsaved)

is turned (Ao Ac Part HUPOSTREPHO = having returned)

to his own vomit again; and the sow (HUS = pig. Refers to an unregenerate or unsaved woman)

that was washed to her wallowing in the mire. (BORBOROS = that which is truly filthy, garbage, excrement, slime)

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