Years ago, as I was teaching a Sunday School Class where we were studying 1 Timothy, chapter three, on the qualifications of a Pastor. It dawned on me as we looked on those qualifications that they were really nothing more than what every Christian should be striving to live like (except the area of "apt to teach"). I asked my class what they thought about this, and they seemed to struggle with the idea that a Christian should have to live up to the standards that are set for a pastor, and I kept hearing the word "but." What became apparent during this discussion was that most Christians would agree that a pastor should meet these qualifications, but they also seemed to hold to many other ideas of what a pastor should be or should not be - most of which could not even be supported by what is taught in the Bible. Another thing has become very apparent to me since that time is how little Christians really know about what the Bible teaches about the office of pastor, and how they are to relate to that office as a member of a church. The result of this Scriptural void has lead to all kinds of problems in the church - both minor and major. A Church spends a lot of time preparing to search for the "right" pastor and on the qualifications, but very seldom they do nothing to prepare the church body for when the pastor arrives which has lead to disastrous results in many churches.

According to an article written by Ken Sande, Strike the Shepherd, of Peacemaker Ministries, he makes the case that Churches are losing the battle because the enemy is effectively robbing our churches of their leaders, which results in the congregations being further weakened spiritually. One of the leading issues that he had found that leads to a church failing to keep their pastor was that the church had unaddressed conflicts before the pastor ever arrived. In other words, if your church has a problem that has not been resolved before a new pastor comes, then in most cases that issue will ultimately lead to your pastor leaving the church. Ken Sande also went on to list other problem areas which cause conflicts between pastors and church members; a lack of unity and the presence of factions in the church; conflicting visions for the church; resistance to change; power and control struggles; personality conflicts (between members and/or the pastor); doctrinal differences, etc. The impact that all of these things have created is staggering: 1,500 Pastors leave the ministry every month because of conflict, burnout, or moral failure (that's 18,000 a year!). 34% of all churches today have at sometime fired a Pastor. 45% of all Pastors who have been fired, have left the ministry for good. Now don't get me wrong, some pastors deserve to be fired, but when you begin to look at the reasons given verses what the Bible teaches about these issues it becomes obvious that the majority of pastoral firing should never have happened. The article also points out that the average pastoral career lasts only fourteen years - that's less than half of what it was just a few years ago.

Another interesting book called "Church Split" (Landmark Publications, Bristol TN, 1990) written by Dr. Roy Branson Jr., reveals that the number one issue given for splits in a church is pastoral authority (note that this is not the only reason, but is also closely followed by such things as finances, building programs, music, doctrines, or just about any other organization or group within a church). Now when I speak of pastoral authority, the conflict is between groups or members who end up doing battle with the pastor over the exercise of his authority in the church. The most common charge leveled at a pastor is that he is a dictator (also note on this list another common charge is the pastor is a weak leader). The truth is most pastors have no desire to be a dictator, they just want to serve the Lord to the best of their ability along with God's people. Sadly when a church is looking for an excuse to get rid of a pastor, then in most cases any excuse will do and they are not worried about if there is any real biblical basis to their charges.

Is there any doubt why churches are struggling and are not growing today with all of this going on? What is the root of the problem? Are pastors really being dictators and are overstepping their authority? Or is the church or its members abusing their pastor? The answer can be all of above. Most conflicts would be avoided if God's people (this includes both pastors and church members) would apply God's Word to every situation. What has also created some of the confusion in a congregational style church government (especially in America), is that their members tend to try to run the church like a democratic government. The problem with this is God's ways are not based upon a democratic style of government. While the church does have some Biblical latitude in its structure and operation under a congregational rule, it does not excuse a pastor, a believer or a church from ignoring any clear teaching given to us in the Bible. The church's latitude comes in those areas of running the church where the Bible doesn't specifically give clear guidance. The biblical principle to be followed is this; when the Bible is clear we must obey, and in all other matters there is liberty on how things can to be done.

Another problem that a congregation rule church runs into is they have a wide spectrum of spiritual maturity between members (from being babes in Christ to being a mature believers, plus lets not forget those Christians who are carnal, i.e., living for the flesh - i.e., sin). Please note that I am not trying to promote an elder run church here, that is not the purpose or the reason why I am writing this (they can have just as many problems as any other church if they fail to follow God's directions too). With these facts being so, how can we as a church really expect to govern wisely? It is my hope and desire that what I am about to present will help you to understand what the Bible teaches us about the authority and the position that God has given the local pastor and how the church is to relate to him. When a pastor understands what God expects of him, then it helps him not to abuse or over step his position in the church. Likewise, when a church understands what God expects of their pastor and them individually, then it helps them to submit to God's will also. I would also encourage anyone who's church is looking for a pastor, that you either have an interim pastor preach on this subject or conduct a Bible study on this subject before the new pastor arrives. This would help reduce some of the misunderstandings and conflicts between the pastor and the church - which is a win, win situation for both the pastor and the church.
 
 

The Bible gives us several descriptive words or titles to let us know what the job of a pastor is. It needs to be pointed out that these terms describe the same position, and not different levels, positions, or offices as you will see (Rediscovering Pastoral Ministry, MacArther). I need to briefly point out that none of these descriptions are ever used in the New Testament in reference to a deacon (servants). The New Testament never ascribes these attributes to that office, and to do so means, in reality and practice, would make them to cease to be deacons and make them elders/pastors. If your church wants to give this authority to its deacons, then they need to be biblical and make them an elder board who oversee the affairs of the church. I only mention this because some churches have intermingled the authority of deacons with that of a pastor/elder and there is no Scriptural support for this to happen.

The first term is Elder which comes from the Greek word, PRESBYTEROS. This word speaks of administration and spiritual guidance. Please note that I am only addressing the pastor and not the issue of elders here. The Bible is clear, a pastor is an elder and an elder is a pastor - there is no real distinction made except maybe in the area and focus of the ministry in an elder run church. The term, elder, is found in the following passages;

Acts 15:6 Now the apostles and elders came together to consider this matter.

1 Timothy 5:17 Let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in the word and doctrine.

James 5:14 Is anyone among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the church, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord.

1 Peter 5:1 The elders who are among you I exhort, I who am a fellow elder and a witness of the sufferings of Christ, and also a partaker of the glory that will be revealed:

Acts 20:28 "Therefore take heed to yourselves and to all the flock, among which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers, to shepherd the church of God which He purchased with His own blood.

Philippians 1:1 Paul and Timothy, bondservants of Jesus Christ, To all the saints in Christ Jesus who are in Philippi, with the bishops and deacons:

1 Timothy 3:2 A bishop then must be blameless, the husband of one wife, temperate, sober-minded, of good behavior, hospitable, able to teach;

Titus 1:7 For a bishop must be blameless, as a steward of God, not self-willed, not quick-tempered, not given to wine, not violent, not greedy for money,

It is also notable that Titus equates the office of bishop with that of elder in Titus 1:5 and 7.

Titus 1:5 For this reason I left you in Crete, that you should set in order the things that are lacking, and appoint elders in every city as I commanded you --

Acts 20:28 "Therefore take heed to yourselves and to all the flock, among which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers, to shepherd the church of God which He purchased with His own blood.

Ephesians 4:11 And He Himself gave some to be apostles, some prophets, some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers,

1 Peter 5:2 Shepherd the flock of God which is among you, serving as overseers, not by compulsion but willingly, not for dishonest gain but eagerly;

Note the linking of overseer with shepherd in 1 Peter 5:2. While we call our pastors, "shepherds" in reality they are undershepherds to the Chief Shepherd, and owner of the flock, Jesus Christ. The Bible makes it clear that Jesus Christ is Chief Shepherd and Overseer of the flock in the following verses:

1 Peter 2:25 For you were like sheep going astray, but have now returned to the Shepherd and Overseer of your souls.

1 Peter 5:4 and when the Chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the crown of glory that does not fade away.

Hebrews 13:20 Now may the God of peace who brought up our Lord Jesus from the dead, that great Shepherd of the sheep, through the blood of the everlasting covenant,

Therefore, pastors are Christ's helpers who have been entrusted with His flock. Therefore, a pastor is to tenderly love the Lord's flock, care for it by feeding it, guiding it, and if necessary, protecting it. Sometimes a shepherd would even have to use his "crook" to hook a stray sheep and pull them back from danger.

Romans 10:14 How then shall they call on Him in whom they have not believed? And how shall they believe in Him of whom they have not heard? And how shall they hear without a preacher?

Preaching is proclaiming the good news towards the lost. The word "preach" (in its various forms) is used 66 times in the New Testament. The word "preach" (in its various forms) is used 14 times in the gospels, but only in 5 verses was it used in reference to what Jesus did. The Apostle Paul said that he was called to be a preacher of the gospel in the following verses;

1 Timothy 2:7 for which I was appointed a preacher and an apostle -- I am speaking the truth in Christ and not lying -- a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth.

2 Timothy 1:11 to which I was appointed a preacher, an apostle, and a teacher of the Gentiles.

The Apostle Paul instructs Timothy (a young pastor) to do the work of an Evangelist (i.e, the proclamation of the gospel/witnessing to the lost) in 2 Timothy;

2 Timothy 4:5 But you be watchful in all things, endure afflictions, do the work of an evangelist, fulfill your ministry.

1 Timothy 2:7 for which I was appointed a preacher and an apostle -- I am speaking the truth in Christ and not lying -- a teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth.

1 Corinthians 12:28 And God has appointed these in the church: first apostles, second prophets, third teachers, after that miracles, then gifts of healings, helps, administrations, varieties of tongues. 29 Are all apostles? Are all prophets? Are all teachers? Are all workers of miracles?

The weight of the New Testament stresses more of the teaching aspect of the pastor than it does preaching, this is simply due to the nature of their ministry which is primarily focused on believers in their church. Jesus was referred to as "Master" (i.e, Teacher, "DIDASKALOS") 68 times in 64 verses in the gospels. The word "to teach"(in its various forms) is used 205 times in the New Testament. Teaching is always centered upon the Gospel of Jesus Christ and is for the maturing and equipping of believers for their service to the Lord.

Acts 2:42 And they continued steadfastly in the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, in the breaking of bread, and in prayers.

Ephesians 4:11 And He Himself gave some to be apostles, some prophets, some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers, 12 for the equipping of the saints for the work of ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ, 13 till we all come to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to a perfect man, to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ;

Note that in Ephesians 4:11 that the structure of the Greek text in this passage ties the words pastor and teacher together (i.e., Hendiadys or the Granville Sharp Rule in Greek Grammar). Did you notice the purpose for Pastor/teacher's is to equip the flock for service to the Lord?

We are also told that the teachers of God's Word are held to a higher standard of accountability by God for how they handle it;

James 3:1 My brethren, let not many of you become teachers, knowing that we shall receive a stricter judgment.

They are to study and handle God's Word correctly;

2 Timothy 2:15 Be diligent to present yourself approved to God, a worker who does not need to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth.

Acts 6:2 So the Twelve gathered all the disciples together and said, "It would not be right for us to neglect the ministry of the word of God in order to wait on tables (NIV).

Acts 6:4 "but we will give ourselves continually to prayer and to the ministry of the word."

They are to be sound in doctrine and the teaching of it;

1 Timothy 4:11 These things command and teach.

1 Timothy 5:17 Let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in the word and doctrine.

1 Timothy 6:20 O Timothy, guard what has been entrusted to you, avoiding worldly and empty chatter and the opposing arguments of what is falsely called "knowledge " (NASB)

Titus 1:5 For this reason I left you in Crete, that you should set in order the things that are lacking, and appoint elders in every city as I commanded you

Titus 1:9 holding fast the faithful word as he has been taught, that he may be able, by sound doctrine, both to exhort and convict those who contradict.

Titus 2:1 But as for you, speak the things which are proper for sound doctrine:

Titus 2:15 These, then, are the things you should teach. Encourage and rebuke with all authority. Do not let anyone despise you (NIV).

Another vital area of pastoral ministry is prayer;

Acts 6:4 "but we will give ourselves continually to prayer and to the ministry of the word."

Note this verse has the apostles saying this, but they were also serving as the elders/pastors of the church in Jerusalem (see 1 Peter 5:1; 2 John 1:1; 3 John 1:1). We are also told that an elder/pastor is to pray for the sick. Also note that the sick person has the responsibility of contacting the pastor. This becomes an major issue in many churches when the pastor fails to go and see someone who's in the hospital, but what commonly happens is the pastor is not informed until after the fact, by then the damage has already be done because the person is upset. The Christian who is sick has the responsibility to make sure, if they want the pastor to visit them, that the pastor is contacted. I have never known a pastor who would not take the time to visit someone when they know about it.

James 5:13 Is anyone among you suffering? Let him pray. Is anyone cheerful? Let him sing psalms. 14 Is anyone among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the church, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord. 15 And the prayer of faith will save the sick, and the Lord will raise him up. And if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven.

1 Timothy 1:3 As I urged you when I went into Macedonia -- remain in Ephesusthat you may charge some that they teach no other doctrine,

1 Timothy 5:21 I charge you before God and the Lord Jesus Christ and the elect angels that you observe these things without prejudice, doing nothing with partiality

2 Timothy 2:23 But avoid foolish and ignorant disputes, knowing that they generate strife. 24 And a servant of the Lord must not quarrel but be gentle to all, able to teach, patient, 25 in humility correcting those who are in opposition, if God perhaps will grant them repentance, so that they may know the truth,

Titus 1:13 This testimony is true. Therefore rebuke them sharply, that they may be sound in the faith,

Titus 3:8 This is a faithful saying, and these things I want you to affirm constantly, that those who have believed in God should be careful to maintain good works. These things are good and profitable to men. 9 But avoid foolish disputes, genealogies, contentions, and strivings about the law; for they are unprofitable and useless. 10 Reject a divisive man after the first and second admonition, 11 knowing that such a person is warped and sinning, being self-condemned.

Acts 20:28 "Therefore take heed to yourselves and to all the flock, among which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers, to shepherd the church of God which He purchased with His own blood. 29 "For I know this, that after my departure savage wolves will come in among you, not sparing the flock. 30 "Also from among yourselves men will rise up, speaking perverse things, to draw away the disciples after themselves. 31 "Therefore watch, and remember that for three years I did not cease to warn everyone night and day with tears.

Hebrews 13:17 Obey those who rule over you, and be submissive, for they watch out for your souls, as those who must give account. Let them do so with joy and not with grief, for that would be unprofitable for you.

Acts 20:27 "For I have not shunned to declare to you the whole counsel of God.

Matthew 28:20 "teaching them to observe all things that I have commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age." Amen.

1) pastors are to administrate and give spiritual guidance to the church.

2) pastors are to provide guidance, oversight, and leadership to the church.

3) pastors are to love the Lord's flock and tenderly (and sometimes not so tenderly) care for it by feeding it, guiding it, and if necessary protecting it.

4) pastors are to proclaim the gospel to the lost, and teach and instruct the church in all of God's Word so they can grow in their faith and do the work of the ministry.

5) pastors are to handle God's Word correctly and use it to encourage, rebuke, exhort, correct and convict God's flock.

And lets not forget that they are to do all these things with the Lord's authority backing them up! God never intended this to be a shopping list for a church to pick and chose what they want their pastors to do, it is a God directed standard. No other group in the church were given this responsibility (besides the Apostles, who even had more authority). For anyone to try to withhold or usurp these responsibilities from their pastor, do so with no Scriptural authority and thus would be acting in direct disobedience to God's clear teaching on this subject. It also needs to be pointed out that having all this authority doesn't give the pastor the right to abuse his position either - likewise, he would be doing so in direct disobedience to God's Word and without the Scriptural authority either (we will look at this aspect later, and how the church should handle this type of problem). The fear of abuse, caused by some pastors, has caused many churches to stumble and sin by trying to prevent any future pastors from over stepping their God-given responsibilities - once again demonstrating how sin can spread from one individual to a whole church. But even with this risk, it doesn't give a church to right to prevent their pastor from fulfilling their ministry either. There is never a problem as long as both parties are following God's Word, it is only when we depart from following God's Word that problems arise and get out of control.

Respect and Love
Individual Christians and churches are to highly respect and love their pastors;

1 Thessalonians 5:12 Now we ask you, brothers, to respect those who work hard among you, who are over you in the Lord and who admonish you 13 Hold them in the highest regard in love because of their work. Live in peace with each other (NIV).

The phrase "to respect" (KJV, "to know"; NKJV, "to recognize"; NASB, "appreciate") comes from the Greek word, EIDENAI which means to understand, perceive, recognize, to pay proper respect to (UBS Grk Lexicon), as giving deserved recognition to someone (Friberg Grk Lexicon). In other words, we should recognize and respect our pastors not because of their personality or what they do for us, but because God appointed them. No where in the Bible does it give permission for a church to fire a pastor because they don't like his personality. In fact, we are told in this passage that a church must LOVE their pastor. You don't have to like your pastor, but you do have to love him, not because he is or isn't lovable but because God tells you too. Why? How lovable do you think you were in the eyes of God? Yet that didn't stop God from loving you enough to send His Son to die for your sins. The word "love" in this verse is the Greek word AGAPE which carries the idea of a deep devotion to someone regardless of what they say or do to you or for you. It is the type of love that gives of itself and doesn't look for anything in return. It is the same word that described Christ's love that put Him on the cross for you and me. You are to sacrificially love your pastor. R.A. Torrey in his book, Power of Prayer, basically said that if there is something that you don't like about your pastor, then take it to the Lord in prayer and then go to church and watch God change him. If you don't love your pastor like this, then you need to get on your knees in prayer, and ask God to forgive you.

Hebrews 13:17 Obey those who rule over you, and be submissive, for they watch out for your souls, as those who must give account. Let them do so with joy and not with grief, for that would be unprofitable for you.

Many Christians today will have a major problem with this verse, because they have major problems submitting themselves to God, let alone their pastor. The first word we need to look at is "obey." This comes from the Greek word PEITHO which means to assent (to evidence or authority), to rely (by inward certainty), agree, have confidence in, trust in, or to yield to. Webster's defines "obey" as to carry out the instructions or orders of, or to be guided by. In the Greek, this word implies more than just blindly obeying, but of having confidence and trust in your pastor's leadership. There is another very important issue that needs to be pointed out about this word, it is written in Imperative Mood with the Present Tense indicating believers are commanded to "obey now! And keep on obeying your pastor!" If you are going to be obedient to God's Word you must follow the leadership of your pastor. Now this doesn't mean that you blindly follow him if he is not following God's direction, and wants to led you into sin. This is speaking about the day-in and day-out affairs of a normal church life and following your pastor's leadership based upon what the God has revealed in His Word. The key to knowing when and how is this; where God's Word is clear then obedience is expected, but where God's Word doesn't provide clear guidance then there should be flexibility and liberty.

The next important phrase is "be submissive," which comes from the Greek word HUPEIKO. It carries the idea of surrendering or submitting to. Webster's defines "submit," as to defer to another's judgment or decision. This Greek word is also given in the Imperative Mood with the Present Tense, indicating that we are commanded to "submit now! And keep on submitting!" By obeying and submitting yourself to a godly pastor, it reveals your faith in God. When we fail to do these things we are really saying by our actions that God doesn't know what is best for us.

What happens when believers or a church fails to obey God's Word in this area? The phrase "unprofitable" gives us a clue. It comes from the Greek word ALUSITELES which means unprofitable, of no advantage, detrimental, hurtful, or pernicious (i.e., extremely destructive or harmful). When churches fail to recognize and submit to the godly pastor's leadership it becomes extremely destructive and harmful to both parties - i.e., terminations and many cases a church splits. When this happens the testimony of the church is ruined in the local community and the name of Christ publicly disgraced. God doesn't take having His name disgraced lightly, and neither should we.

Finally, not only are believers to obey and submit, they should behave in such a way that they are a "joy" to their pastor. Those Christians that have brought the most joy to my heart during the years of my pastoral ministry are the ones who are hungry for God's Word; they want to be in a right relationship with God; they are concerned about how their actions impact others; and they cheerfully serve where the Lord has placed them. The word "grief" means to sigh or groan (either inwardly or openly). Those who have caused me the most grief in the ministry are the ones who are unfaithful to the Lord, both in attendance and service and in their lack or concern and love for the brethren. Because they are so self-centered they don't care what damage they will cause to the church, nor do they even seem to think about the consequences of their actions which they will have to give an account for to the Lord for someday.

A Minister is to be treated fairly (vv.1-4);

1 Am I not an apostle? Am I not free? Have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord? Are you not my work in the Lord? 2 If I am not an apostle to others, yet doubtless I am to you. For you are the seal of my apostleship in the Lord. 3 My defense to those who examine me is this: 4 Do we have no right to eat and drink? 5 Do we have no right to take along a believing wife, as do also the other apostles, the brothers of the Lord, and Cephas? 6 Or is it only Barnabas and I who have no right to refrain from working?

The Church should recognize their pastor's calling and position by God and their right to live as they do. A pastor should earn enough to support their family without additional work.

A Minister should be fairly compensated just as the rest of the world does, and as the Scripture and our Lord directs (vv.7-14);

7 Who ever goes to war at his own expense? Who plants a vineyard and does not eat of its fruit? Or who tends a flock and does not drink of the milk of the flock? 8 Do I say these things as a mere man? Or does not the law say the same also? 9 For it is written in the law of Moses, "You shall not muzzle an ox while it treads out the grain." Is it oxen God is concerned about? 10 Or does He say it altogether for our sakes? For our sakes, no doubt, this is written, that he who plows should plow in hope, and he who threshes in hope should be partaker of his hope. 11 If we have sown spiritual things for you, is it a great thing if we reap your material things? 12 If others are partakers of this right over you, are we not even more? Nevertheless we have not used this right, but endure all things lest we hinder the gospel of Christ. 13 Do you not know that those who minister the holy things eat of the things of the temple, and those who serve at the altar partake of the offerings of the altar? 14 Even so the Lord has commanded that those who preach the gospel should live from the gospel. (Also see Luke 10:7)

A Minister has the right to refuse or limit their the compensation they receive from a church if they have to means to do so;

15 But I have used none of these things, nor have I written these things that it should be done so to me; for it would be better for me to die than that anyone should make my boasting void. 16 For if I preach the gospel, I have nothing to boast of, for necessity is laid upon me; yes, woe is me if I do not preach the gospel! 17 For if I do this willingly, I have a reward; but if against my will, I have been entrusted with a stewardship. 18 What is my reward then? That when I preach the gospel, I may present the gospel of Christ without charge, that I may not abuse my authority in the gospel. 19 For though I am free from all men, I have made myself a servant to all, that I might win the more; 20 and to the Jews I became as a Jew, that I might win Jews; to those who are under the law, as under the law, that I might win those who are under the law; 21 to those who are without law, as without law (not being without law toward God, but under law toward Christ), that I might win those who are without law; 22 to the weak I became as weak, that I might win the weak. I have become all things to all men, that I might by all means save some. 23 Now this I do for the gospel's sake, that I may be partaker of it with you. (Also see Acts 20:17, 33-35)

1 Timothy 5:17 Let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double honor,especially those who labor in the word and doctrine 18 For the Scripture says, "You shall not muzzle an ox while it treads out the grain," and, "The laborer is worthy of his wages."

Galatians 6:6 Let him who is taught the word share in all good things with him who teaches. 7 Do not be deceived, God is not mocked; for whatever a man sows, that he will also reap. 8 For he who sows to his flesh will of the flesh reap corruption, but he who sows to the Spirit will of the Spirit reap everlasting life. 9 And let us not grow weary while doing good, for in due season we shall reap if we do not lose heart.

J. Vernon McGee puts it this way, "This is probably the bluntest verse in the Bible. . .Paul is bluntly saying this: "'Pay your preacher. If someone ministers to you spiritual benefits, minister to him with material benefits.' If God has blessed you materially and you are being blessed by someone spiritually, then you ought to minister to that person with material benefits" (McGee).

The word "share" (KJV, communicate), in the Greek is KOINONEO which denotes a common participation, sharing, contributing, or giving a part. This word is often used of sharing of material blessings with other believers (such as in Acts 2:42; 2 Cor. 8:4; Hebrews 13:16 [Greek text]: BEC). From the very beginning of the church, sharing was one of the marks of Christian experience (Acts 2:41-47). It is this that Paul has in mind in these verses. Paul also used the Imperative Mood with the Present Tense thus giving a command to the Galatians to give financial support to those who teach them and to keep on doing so (i.e., there was to be a consistency to their giving). Paul is doing more than just stressing giving a paycheck to your pastor, he is stressing that when you give to support your pastor you are in essence being a partner with him in the ministry. This is true of all financial support that you give to a church, a pastor, a missionary, or some other ministry. We should never have the attitude that we just paying someone's paycheck, but instead we are mutually participating in ministry with those we support.

Paul also gives us an immutable law of God here in verses 6 and 7, about sowing and reaping. The principle of sowing and reaping simply boils down to this; If a man spends his money on what gratifies his fleshly nature, he will reap a fleshly harvest. And since the flesh is mortal and will one day pass away, the harvest will pass away also. On the other hand, if a man uses his money to promote spiritual causes and to feed his spiritual nature, the resulting harvest will remain. Thus, as in the case of ministers, if congregations refuse to support them and so forfeit good teaching, preferring to spend their money on themselves, the results will be corruption. But if, on the other hand, they support good teachers, a spiritual harvest will result. God does not command believers to give simply that pastors/teachers and missionaries (Phil. 4:10-19) might have their material needs met, but that the givers might get a greater blessing (BEC). Paul is clearly teaching that as believers we have a direct impact on the ministry of our church, our pastor and our witness to non-believers by what we sow. We can either invest our time and resources in ourselves and in the end have nothing of eternal value to show for it, or we can invest our time and resources in those things which will have eternal value and will never fade away (see 1 Corinthians 3:12-15).

Resolving Conflicts
Let's begin by looking at what the New Testament teaches on the subject of resolving conflicts between any Christians (i.e., church discipline; it needs to be pointed out that sinful behavior is the root of all conflict) , because this is the basis for what is taught about handling pastor-church conflicts. Jesus gives us guidance in the following passage:
 

Matthew 18:15 "Moreover if your brother sins against you, go and tell him his fault between you and him alone. If he hears you, you have gained your brother. 16 "But if he will not hear, take with you one or two more, that 'by the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be established.' 17 "And if he refuses to hear them, tell it to the church. But if he refuses even to hear the church, let him be to you like a heathen and a tax collector.

Step 1: We are told here that the first step in resolving the conflict is that the matter should be handled privately between the two parties (v.15). If the matter can be settled at that level, then there is no need for it to go any further and reconciliation is achieved between the two parties. Unfortunately, in most cases this is where the whole process breaks down, and instead of going to the individual we gossip to everyone else about it. Then the conflict begins to fester and spreads like wildfire and the strife is now multiplied - now there is another sin issue that needs to be corrected. The other wrong way this is typically handled is one person goes to a deacon to have them go to the pastor (or some other individual) to handle the problem. This never corrects the problem because it impossible to be reconciled with an unnamed and unknown person. By sending someone else to the pastor (or any individual) creates three additional problems; first it violates God's Word, so now the person who is the messenger is now also sinning and enabling accuser to go on sinning by failing to obey God's Word. Second, by trying to send someone else to do what you are supposed to do, it doesn't hold the offended believer accountable for what they are saying, whether it is accurate or not. Thirdly, there is the issue of the accusers love for their fellow believers (1 John 2:1-11; 4:20), if you truly love someone then you would have no problem going to them to address the issue if it really is a problem. The proper way to handle a situation if someone comes to you about a conflict with another person is to instruct them to do what God's Word says for them to do. To do anything else would be in clear violation of God's Word. 99% of all conflicts would probably be settled here at this step if believers would simply apply God's Word as they are instructed.

Step 2: If the matter cannot be settled after the first attempt, then we are instructed that the accuser is to take a witness with them and return once again to try to settle the matter (v.16). The reason for taking a witness is verify that the offended brother is acting in good faith and in the right spirit in attempting to work out a reconciliation. The witness would also be a witness to any agreements that the two parties came to, in case the issue erupts again. It is very important that before you start taking witnesses with you, that make sure that you have examined yourself to be sure that are being reasonable in your response. Sometimes when we approach an individual and they respond to us by explaining why they did or said something, we may not like their answer. So we need to make sure that we take the time to examine our own motives before we take this second step. Honestly, this second step probably should never happen unless you approach the individual and their response is blatantly wrong and sinful. Here's an example of this: lets say that you know a Christian who is having an affair, so you go to them because of their sin (because you are concerned about their spouse, the children, etc. . .). In response to your coming to them, they tell you to get lost and that it is none of your business. Now this would be a case where you would go to them with a witness. Here's another example where you probably wouldn't want to press the matter by taking a second person: you go to someone because they said or did something that you found offensive. They explain to you that you have misunderstood what they said, or their intentions by what they did, but you are not happy with their answer. Should you go again and take a witness? The answer is probably no. Since you cannot see what is in that person's heart, nor read their mind, you could be wrongly judging them. And maybe, just maybe, you may actually be mistaken. In this case you would do well to just give it to the Lord and forgive them. Usually if someone intentions are not right, then it will expose itself in due time, then the issue should be addressed with a witness. The basis for taking witnesses is found in Deuteronomy 19:15, "One witness shall not rise against a man concerning any iniquity or any sin that he commits; by the mouth of two or three witnesses the matter shall be established.

Step 3: If after your second attempt has failed to resolve the issue, the matter should be taken before the local church in some fashion (v.17a). This could either before the whole church body or those appointed by the church to hear the matter. The church (or it designated representatives) then are to do everything possible to convince the believer who has sinned to be reconciled or to right the wrong. It is important to note that a Christian is forbidden to take the issue to civil courts against another believer; 1 Corinthians 6:1 Dare any of you, having a matter against another, go to law before the unrighteous, and not before the saints? 2 Do you not know that the saints will judge the world? And if the world will be judged by you, are you unworthy to judge the smallest matters? 3 Do you not know that we shall judge angels? How much more, things that pertain to this life? 4 If then you have judgments concerning things pertaining to this life, do you appoint those who are least esteemed by the church to judge? 5 I say this to your shame. Is it so, that there is not a wise man among you, not even one, who will be able to judge between his brethren? 6 But brother goes to law against brother, and that before unbelievers! 7 Now therefore, it is already an utter failure for you that you go to law against one another. Why do you not rather accept wrong? Why do you not rather let yourselves be cheated? 8 No, you yourselves do wrong and cheat, and you do these things to your brethren!

Step 4: Lastly, when every attempt that has failed to get a biblical response from the offender, that person is to be disciplined by the church by removing them from the fellowship until they acknowledge and repent of their sin (v.17b; 1 Cor. 5:11; 2 Thess. 3:6, 14, 15). This step should only be taken when all attempts have failed to restore the individual to useful service to the Lord. Unfortunately, many churches fail to work through steps 1 through 3, and jump to step 4 when it comes to their pastors (and ignore steps 1 through 4 for all its members who need to be corrected). Again, if we are going to be honest and obedient to God's Word we need to follow the clear teaching on this subject.

Galatians 6:1 Brethren, if a man is overtaken in any trespass [i.e., sin], you who are spiritual restore such a one in a spirit of gentleness, considering yourself lest you also be tempted.

Here the Apostle Paul addresses the issue of going to another believer who has sinned. First, our desire and purpose for going to them is to restore them fully  back into their fellowship and service for the Lord. The Greek word used for "restore" is KATARTIZO which means to thoroughly prepare something to meet the demands, to put in order, to restore to a former condition, to mend or repair. This same Greek word is used in Matthew 4:21 of "mending" fishing nets that have damaged so that they can become useful again. It was also a medical term that was used in secular Greek for setting a fractured bone (EBCNT). The same word is used in Hebrews 10:5 and 11:3 of equipping the saints, like a supplying an army or a ship with provisions so they can do their jobs. Paul uses the Imperative Mood and Present Tense here in Galatians 6:1 to signify that we are "to restore them now! And we are to keep on having the habit of restoring the offender to his former condition."

Now lets look at our method of restoring a believer who has sinned. We are to restore them in the "spirit of gentleness" (KJV, meekness). This phrase comes from the Greek word, "PRAOTES," which carries the idea of having a quality of gentle friendliness, meekness (as strength that accommodates to another's weakness), or considerateness. When approaching an individual who has fallen into sin, we need to maintain the proper attitude of love and concern for the individual, just as God showed us when He sent Christ to die for our sins. God never hid the fact that we were sinners, nor did He hide the consequences of our sins. Even though we may not have responded very quickly, God didn't stop sharing His deep love and concern for us through the Gospel. Likewise, we should never look at a fallen Christian as an enemy, but with a broken heart for a fallen comrade who has failed to live up to their potential for Christ. Only those who are spiritual can do this because of their love for Christ and all of His sheep. When we can love each other as Christ loved us, then we are more willing to forgive and forget the sins of others so that they can be fully restored in their relationship with Christ and His body; 1 Peter 4:8, "Above all, keep fervent in your love for one another, because love covers a multitude of sins." When a Christian is critical and judgmental, when they attempt to help a fallen brother, they don't show the grace of Christ nor do they help their brother but instead will stumble themselves  (MacArthur).

Now that we understand the basic principles of resolving conflicts, we can see how a pastor also fits into this. A Church is not to listen to ANY accusations against their pastor unless there are two or more witnesses;

1 Timothy 5:19 Do not receive an accusation against an elder except from two or three witnesses.

This passage fits into what Jesus taught in Matthew 18:15-17, in what I called Step 2. The word, "accusation" is the Greek word, PARADECHOMAI, which means to accept, receive, or to acknowledge. It is given in the negative, as a Imperative Mood and Present Tense which in a command to "Stop receiving accusations against an elder now, and don't do it again!" Believers are commanded not to listen to anyone who is violating this Scripture by running around making accusations without proof.

This Scripture is probably the most neglected and least applied by church members. I don't know how many times I have heard someone say (to me and to other pastors) something like, "pastor, I have a lot of people coming to me about you. . ." The problem with this approach is they have not only failed to apply Jesus' teaching in Matthew 18:15, but there are no other witnesses to confirm what they are saying is true. Instead this approach only allows one individual to make accusations against the pastor without any real proof (only hear-say), and do it in such a way to make it sound like it is a bigger problem than it really is. This is in direct violation to what God's Word says here in this passage. If someone in your church is doing this, then not only should you not listen to them, but you need to tell them why and point them to this passage and to Matthew 18:15-17. If that person fails to obey God's Word even after they have been taught otherwise, then Matthew 18:15-17 need to be applied to them also.

Titus 1:9 holding fast the faithful word as he has been taught, that he may be able, by sound doctrine, both to exhort and convict those who contradict. 10 For there are many insubordinate, both idle talkers and deceivers, especially those of the circumcision, 11 whose mouths must be stopped, who subvert whole households, teaching things which they ought not, for the sake of dishonest gain. 12 One of them, a prophet of their own, said, "Cretans are always liars, evil beasts, lazy gluttons." 13 This testimony is true. Therefore rebuke them sharply, that they may be sound in the faith, 14 not giving heed to Jewish fables and commandments of men who turn from the truth. 15 To the pure all things are pure, but to those who are defiled and unbelieving nothing is pure; but even their mind and conscience are defiled. 16 They profess to know God, but in works they deny Him, being abominable, disobedient, and disqualified for every good work.

1 Timothy 5:20 Those who are sinning rebuke in the presence of all, that the rest also may fear.

This public rebuke is not for vindictive purposes, but for curative purposes (Galatians 6:1). The public rebuke of a sinning pastor/elder is to serve as a warning to other believers. This demonstrates that God doesn't show favoritism, His discipline is consistent from the leadership to the people in the pews. Sin is a serious matter in the lives of believers, especially those in leadership (1 Pet. 4:17). If church leaders can sin without any repercussions then church members might erroneously start justifying their own sins.

A Church is to break off their relationships with a pastor who teaches false/divisive doctrines after they have been warned twice and have failed to respond (Titus 3:9-11)
 

Titus 3:9 But avoid foolish disputes, genealogies, contentions, and strivings about the law; for they are unprofitable and useless. 10 Reject a divisive man after the first and second admonition, 11 knowing that such a person is warped and sinning, being self-condemned.

The emphasis here isn't that a pastor should avoid teaching anything that can be divisive, because God's Word will do that on its own. The divisive teaching here are those teachings which don't line up with God's Word that create divisions. This is why every church has a doctrinal statements (even those churches which claim that doctrine divides), and this would be something that a church would also use to decide if someone is violating this passage. This verse not only applies to the pastor, but to any church member who is doing these things. Again, rejecting a divisive person is only done when they have been approached with love and gentleness, and applying Matthew 18:15-17. Rejection should only happen when they have rejected all our efforts to restore them in their walk with the Lord.

1) Abuse of position and/or authority.

- Either by not doing what God has directed them to do, or for them going beyond the authority that God has given them (again, to know if this is happening you have to compare what they are doing to what God's says they are to do - not personal opinion).

2) Sin (sexual immorality, lying, stealing, drunkenness, etc. . .).

3) Teaching false doctrines.

- This is why churches have doctrinal statements, so if the pastor begins to teach things that are in conflict with the church's belief's then this would apply.

I have put this topic towards the end simply because most Christians have been taught about it the most, while the other areas are talked about the least.

Pastors are to be presently qualified. The phrase MUST BE is a "To Be" verb in the Greek text indicating what exists, and here it is given in the Present Tense indicating, "He is to be this way right now...presently." In other words, the pastor is to be someone who has consistency in their present walk (not perfect standards: Rom.7:18-19). These passages do not teach that pastors are to be perfect in all these areas, because there has only been One Perfect Pastor, and that is our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ. What is being stressed in these passages is that when we look for a pastor/elder, we should look for men who have these qualities in their lives, and that there is a consistency to their lives, in that these different qualities stands out. These passages also teach us that there can also be restoration to the ministry for those who have demonstrated over a period of time that they have overcome problems in their past and are now walking with the Lord.

Therefore, keeping this fact in mind, pastors are TO BE PRESENTLY. . .

Blameless (ANEPILEMPTON), "above reproach." No charge of serious wrong can be sustained against him (Titus 1:6; 1 Timothy 3:2).

Husband of one wife (GUNAIKOS "wife or woman" and ANER "husband") "one-woman man"(Titus 1:6; 1 Timothy 3:2). Literally, he is to be "presently the husband of one wife." Is this passage clearly talking about divorce? It could be, but there is no direct evidence that this passage is specifically speaking about divorce. Here are some valid reasons that should be considered; Paul did not use the common Greek word for divorce, APOLUO which means "to set free, let go, to send away or dismiss" (Matt.19:9; Mark 10:11; Luke 16:18; 1Cor. 7:11). It also needs to be noted that polygamy was still fashionable among the pagans and the Jews during this time period (up to the 12th century). Another major problem arises when you use this passage to permanently disqualify a divorced person from the office of pastor/elder, you then would have to permanently disqualify everyone who has ever failed in any of the other qualifications (even only one time) at some time in their Christian past - not to do so is to be inconsistent in how you are handling these Scriptures, without any Scriptural support to do so. This would mean that any Christian who has ever thought a wrong thought, lost their temper, said or did the wrong thing would have to be permanently disqualified from serving as a pastor/elder also. This isn't to say that a church should not exercise discernment if they decide to call a pastor who has been divorce either - they need to know the facts. I am not trying to argue for or against having a pastor who has been divorced by presenting this information, rather I am only trying to point out that this subject is not as cut and dry as some have made it to be. A church should determine before hand what their position is on this subject and be prepared to stand by that decision.

Vigilant (NEPHALION), "well balanced." It is someone who avoids extremes in spiritual matters. He should be doctrinally sound (1 Tim.3:3).

Sober (SOPHRONA), "discipline" or "self-control." He is a person who is serious about spiritual things, and has an appreciation for what really matters in life. Thus, He should be someone who has put the Lord first in their lives (Titus 1:8; 1 Tim.3:2).

Of Good Behavior (KOSMIOS), he must be "well-ordered" in his habits. The opposite of this is CHAOS. Pastor/Elders must not have a chaotic lifestyle (1 Tim.3:2).

Given To Hospitality (XENOS {stranger} and PHILEO {to love or show affection}), "love strangers." His home is open to saved and unsaved alike, and he seeks to be a blessing to all who come beneath his roof (Titus 1:8; 1 Tim.3:2).

Apt To Teach (DIDAKTIKON). He should know how to handle God's Word properly and know it well enough to teach it to others (Titus 1:9; 1 Tim.3:2).

Not given to wine (PAROINOS), "one who drinks," or "an excessive drinker." This Greek word also refers to one's associations (Titus 1:7; 1 Tim.3:3).

No Striker (PLEKTES), "violent," "a giver of blows" or "a striker." Rather he should be Gentle (EPIEIKES), "considerate, forbearing, or gentle." He should be someone who is doesn't strike out at people, but is patient with others even if they are not easy to get along with (Titus 1:7-8; 1 Tim.3:3).

Not A Brawler (AMACHOS), "not quarrelsome." He should not be a person who is contentious and arguing about every little thing (1 Tim.3:3).

Not Greedy Of Filthy Lucre (APHILARGUROS), "not a lover of silver." He doesn't pursue his ministry for personal gain (Titus 1:7; 1 Tim.3:3).

Ruleth Well His Own House (PROISTEMI), "ruleth" or "manages" which carries the idea "to preside, having authority over, stand before, or manage." He is the manager of his home (Titus 1:6 ;1 Tim. 3:4).

Not A Novice (NEOPHUTOS), "newly planted." He should not be a new convert or newly baptized (1 Tim.3:6).

Good Report. . .Without (KALOS {"good"}& MARTUREO {"report"}) embraces the ideas of internal and external goodness, or "a certifying testimony" (1 Tim.3:7).

James 4:17 Therefore, to one who knows the right thing to do, and does not do it, to him it is sin(NASB).

Christians and pastors alike need to understand that when we step outside of God's will, then we have openly rebelled against God and can expect to be held accountable to God for our sinful actions. If fact if God doesn't discipline you for your unconfessed sin, then you a much bigger problem according to God's Word.
 

1 Peter 4:17 For the time has come for judgment to begin at the house of God; and if it begins with us first, what will be the end of those who do not obey the gospel of God?

Hebrews 12:6 because the Lord disciplines those he loves, and he punishes everyone he accepts as a son." 7 Endure hardship as discipline; God is treating you as sons. For what son is not disciplined by his father? 8 If you are not disciplined (and everyone undergoes discipline), then you are illegitimate children and not true sons (NIV).

Before you make a judgment against any other person, you have better make sure that you are standing firmly upon God's Word, because that is the standard in which God will hold you accountable for.
 

2 Corinthians 5:10 For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, that each one may receive the things done in the body, according to what he has done, whether good or bad.

This is not a subject that should be taken lightly, and to do so shows a real lack of spiritual maturity and a lack of love for the Lord's church, which He gave His life for. I don't know of too many Christians who would openly deny that they do not believe God's Word, but when it comes to putting their beliefs into actions, sadly that has been another story. William Bradford, the governor of the Plymouth Colony of pilgrims, insisted, "Those who believe in the Holy Scriptures are bound to observe its teachings. Those who do not are to be bound by its consequences." {Larry Burkett, What Ever Happened to the American Dream, p. 43}. The goal of every pastor and church member should be to bring glory to God, and we do that when we obey His directions.

I hope that this study has been helpful in giving you a better understanding of what the role of a pastor is, and how church members are to relate to him as their pastor. The real test of learning, is applying what you have learned - let's behave like Christians, and God will begin to bless your pastor and your church.
 

James 1:23 For if anyone is a hearer of the word and not a doer, he is like a man observing his natural face in a mirror; 24 for he observes himself, goes away, and immediately forgets what kind of man he was. 25 But he who looks into the perfect law of liberty and continues in it, and is not a forgetful hearer but a doer of the work, this one will be blessed in what he does.

On the Subject of Pastors:
•    Rediscovering Pastoral Ministry, John MacArthur Jr., Word Publishin
•    Shepherding the Church, Joseph Stowell, Moody Press
•    Biblical Eldership, Alexander Strauch, Lewis and Roth Publishers
•    The Minister as Shepherd, Charles Jefferson, Scripture Truth Book Co.
•    Lectures To My Students, Charles H. Spurgeon, Baker Books.
•    How To Start A New Testament Church, Dr. Mal Couch, Tyndale Theological Seminary.
•    An Essential Doctrinal Statement for Restoring Biblical Integrity In The Local Church, Dr. Mal Couch, Tyndale Theological Seminary.
•    Various Articles from Bibliotheca Sacra, Dallas Theological Seminary.
•    Qualification for the Evaluation of Elders and Deacons, J. Hampton Keathley, III, Biblical Studies Press.

Commentaries Used:
•    William MacDonald, Believer's Bible Commentary
•    Warren W. Wiersbe, The Bible Exposition Commentary.
•    Bible Studies Foundation (http://www.bible.org/).
•    John Walvoord & Roy Zuck, The Bible Knowledge Commentary (New Testament ed).
•    Zondervan's, Expositor's Bible Commentary, New Testament.
•    Liberty Bible Commentary on the New Testament.
•    R. C. H. Lenski, Commentaries on the New Testament.
•    John MacArthur's New Testament Commentaries.
•    J. Vernon McGee, Thru the Bible.

Greek References Used:
•    A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, by Walter Bauer, augmented by William F. Arndt & F. Wilbur Gingrich, 2^nd Ed., University of Chicago Press, Chicago IL, 1979
•    The Analytical Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, by Wigram, Associated Publishers & Authors Inc (APGA), Lafayette IN, 1980
•    Bible Works 4.0 for Windows, Hermeneutika Bible Research Software, Big Fork MO., 2^nd edition.
•    The Complete Word Study Bible & Reference CD, by Dr. Spiros Zodhiates, AMG Publishers, 1997
•    Essentials Of New Testament Greek, by Ray Summers, Broadman Press, Nashville TN., 1950
•    Greek Enchiridion, A Concise Handbook of Grammar for Translation and Exegesis, by William G. MacDonald, Hendrickson Publishers, Peabody MA., 1998
•    The Interlinear Greek-English New Testament (The Nestle Greek Text), by Rev. Alfred Marshall, D.Litt, Zondervan Publishing House, Grand Rapids MI, 1958
•    The New Analytical Greek Lexicon, Wesley J. Perschbacher, Editor, Hendrickson Publishers, 1996
•    The New Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon, by J. H. Thayer, APGA Lafayette IN, 1981
•    Quick Verse for Windows, version 3.0d, Parsons Technology Inc, 1994
•    Syntax Of The Moods And Tenses In New Testament Greek, by Ernest De Witt Burton, Kregel Publications, Grand Rapids MI., 1978
•    Theological Dictionary of The New Testament (Abridged), by Geoffrey W. Bromiley, Gerhard Kittel & Gerhard Friedrich Editors, Willaim B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, Grand Rapids MI, 1992
•    Vine's Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words, by W. E Vine, M.A., Mac Donald Publishing Company, McLean Virginia
•    Vincent's Word Studies in the New Testament, vol. 1 the Epistles of James, Peter, and Jude, by Marvin Vincent, AGE'S Software, Albany OR., ver.2.0, 199
•    Word Studies in the Greek New Testament, by Kenneth S. Wuest, Willaim B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, Grand Rapids MI, 1988
•    Word Pictures in the New Testament, by Archibald Thomas Robertson, Broadman Press, Nashville TN, 1930